Pharmacokinetics Assignment Flashcards

1
Q

What information should be contained on a prescription? (8)

A
  1. Patients name
  2. Date
  3. Inscription
  4. Sigma
  5. Number of refills / state no refills
  6. Signature and address of physician
  7. Indication if generic sub is permitted
  8. DEA number, if applicable.
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2
Q

What are the 7 rights?

A
Right drug 
Right strength 
Right route 
Right patient 
Right time 
Right documentation
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3
Q

What is the most common route of administration?

A

Oral medication.

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4
Q

What is the advantage of parenteral routes?

A

Potential for quick absorption straight into the blood stream. The route is recommended for fast effects and for patients that cannot tolerate oral medications.

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5
Q

What forms of medication fall under topical route? (7)

A
  1. Applied to surface of the skin
  2. Inhalation
  3. Ophthalmic
  4. Otic
  5. Nasal
  6. Rectal
  7. Vaginal
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6
Q

What is histamine and what effect does it have on the body?

A

In response to an allergy the body releases chemicals like histamine, which produce an allergic reaction. Symptoms include red and watery eyes, sneezing, rash, and bronchial constriction

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7
Q

Where is histamine found?

A

The highest concentration of histamine is in the lungs.

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8
Q

What two kinds of histamine are in the body?

A

H1 and H2

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9
Q

What is anaphylaxis?

A

A severe allergic response resulting in life threatening respiratory distress, followed by vascular collapse and shock

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10
Q

What are prostaglandins?

A

Mediators of several physiologic processes and are synthesized from a fatty acid.

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11
Q

What is bradykinin?

A

A polypeptide that causes contraction of intestinal and bronchial smooth muscle. Causes pain.

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12
Q

Define compliance

A

The patients ability to take the medication as directed.

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13
Q

What is the Pharm Techs role in compliance?

A

Must make sure the patient gets all the information needed, and to ask questions to the pharmacist.

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14
Q

What are 4 major reasons for non-compliance?

A
  1. Side effects
  2. Lack of information
  3. Multiple medications
  4. Forgetfulness
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15
Q

Define antigens

A

A foreign substance or toxin introduced to the body that stimulates an immune response.

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16
Q

Define active immunity

A

To be prevoiusly exposed to an allergen, making the next interaction less serious.

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17
Q

Define polypharmacy

A

The concurrent use of multiple medications

18
Q

hat are the 4 elements of pharmacokinetics?

A

Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Elimination

19
Q

What is absorption?

A

Process where the drug enters the circulatory system.

20
Q

Where is the primary site of absorption?

A

The small intestine

21
Q

What is distribution?

A

The process by which the drug moves from the blood stream to other parts of the body.

22
Q

What is the most important rate-limiting factor of distribution of a drug?

A

Blood flow

23
Q

What is metabolism?

A

Converts a drug to other biochemical compounds and then excretes them through metabolic pathways.

24
Q

What two factors effect metabolism?

A

Induction

Inhibition

25
What is elimination?
The removal of drugs from the body.
26
WHere does elimination primarily occur?
Kidneys through urine | Liver through feces
27
Translate qid
Four times a day
28
Translate hs
At bedtime
29
Translate NKA
No Known Allergy
30
Translate pc
After meals
31
Translate NPO
Nothing by mouth
32
Translate D/C
Discontinue
33
Translate tid
Three times a day
34
Translate c
With
35
Translate gtt
Drop
36
Translate stat
Immediately
37
Translate IM
Intramuscular
38
Translate ac
Before meals
39
Translate prn
As needed
40
Translate pc
After meals
41
Translate N/V
Nausea and vomiting