Pharmacokinetics Assignment Flashcards
What information should be contained on a prescription? (8)
- Patients name
- Date
- Inscription
- Sigma
- Number of refills / state no refills
- Signature and address of physician
- Indication if generic sub is permitted
- DEA number, if applicable.
What are the 7 rights?
Right drug Right strength Right route Right patient Right time Right documentation
What is the most common route of administration?
Oral medication.
What is the advantage of parenteral routes?
Potential for quick absorption straight into the blood stream. The route is recommended for fast effects and for patients that cannot tolerate oral medications.
What forms of medication fall under topical route? (7)
- Applied to surface of the skin
- Inhalation
- Ophthalmic
- Otic
- Nasal
- Rectal
- Vaginal
What is histamine and what effect does it have on the body?
In response to an allergy the body releases chemicals like histamine, which produce an allergic reaction. Symptoms include red and watery eyes, sneezing, rash, and bronchial constriction
Where is histamine found?
The highest concentration of histamine is in the lungs.
What two kinds of histamine are in the body?
H1 and H2
What is anaphylaxis?
A severe allergic response resulting in life threatening respiratory distress, followed by vascular collapse and shock
What are prostaglandins?
Mediators of several physiologic processes and are synthesized from a fatty acid.
What is bradykinin?
A polypeptide that causes contraction of intestinal and bronchial smooth muscle. Causes pain.
Define compliance
The patients ability to take the medication as directed.
What is the Pharm Techs role in compliance?
Must make sure the patient gets all the information needed, and to ask questions to the pharmacist.
What are 4 major reasons for non-compliance?
- Side effects
- Lack of information
- Multiple medications
- Forgetfulness
Define antigens
A foreign substance or toxin introduced to the body that stimulates an immune response.
Define active immunity
To be prevoiusly exposed to an allergen, making the next interaction less serious.
Define polypharmacy
The concurrent use of multiple medications
hat are the 4 elements of pharmacokinetics?
Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Elimination
What is absorption?
Process where the drug enters the circulatory system.
Where is the primary site of absorption?
The small intestine
What is distribution?
The process by which the drug moves from the blood stream to other parts of the body.
What is the most important rate-limiting factor of distribution of a drug?
Blood flow
What is metabolism?
Converts a drug to other biochemical compounds and then excretes them through metabolic pathways.
What two factors effect metabolism?
Induction
Inhibition
What is elimination?
The removal of drugs from the body.
WHere does elimination primarily occur?
Kidneys through urine
Liver through feces
Translate qid
Four times a day
Translate hs
At bedtime
Translate NKA
No Known Allergy
Translate pc
After meals
Translate NPO
Nothing by mouth
Translate D/C
Discontinue
Translate tid
Three times a day
Translate c
With
Translate gtt
Drop
Translate stat
Immediately
Translate IM
Intramuscular
Translate ac
Before meals
Translate prn
As needed
Translate pc
After meals
Translate N/V
Nausea and vomiting
