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Pharmacology > GI Powerpoint > Flashcards

GI Powerpoint Flashcards

1
Q

What is acid reflux?

A

Irritation of the walls of the esophagus that may produce heartburn.

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2
Q

What is the most common symptom of GERD?

A

Heartburn

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3
Q

What are some phase 1 treatments for GERD?

A 
Dont smoke 
Dont drink 
Lose weight 
Eat small meals 
Wear loose fitting clothes
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4
Q

What is an antacid?

A

Basic compounds that neutralize hydrochloric acid in gastric secretions.

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5
Q

What two salts can be in antacids?

A

Aluminum

Magnesium

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6
Q

What side effects does does aluminum salts have?

A

Produce constipation, and delays gastric emptying

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7
Q

What side effects does magnesium salts have?

A

Causes diarrhea, can cause gastric emptying.

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8
Q

What are two commonly used antacids?

A

Milk of Magnesia

Maalox

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9
Q

What are some common calcium carbonate antacids?

A

Tums

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10
Q

What is a commonly used foaming agent?

A

Gaviscon - alginic acid

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11
Q

What are foaming agents?

A

Work by covering your stomach contents in foam to prevent reflux

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12
Q

What is another name for an ulcer?

A

Peptic ulcer

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13
Q

What is a stomach ulcer?

A

A small erosion in the GI tract

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14
Q

What is the most common type of ulcer?

A

doudenal

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15
Q

What is a gastric ulcer?

A

An ulcer in the stomach

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16
Q

What is the bacteria called that causes ulcers?

A

Helicobacter Pylori

17
Q

What drug class is a major cause of ulcers?

A

NSAIDs

18
Q

What are three drug classes used in ulcer treatment?

A

H2 Antagonists
PPI
Prostaglandin Analogues

19
Q

What are some H2 antagonists used in the treatment of stomach ulcers?

A

ranitidine

famotidine

20
Q

What are some PPIs used in the treatment of stomach ulcers?

A

esomeprazole
lansoprazole
omeprazole

21
Q

What does sucralfate used to treat?

A

doudenal and stomach ulcers

22
Q

What are some common antidiarrheals?

A

Pepto bismol - bismuth subsalicylate
Lomotil
Imodium

23
Q

What is an antiemetic?

A

Inhibit vomiting impulses

24
Q

What are some common antiemetics?

A

Maxeran

Zofran

25
Q

What is gastritis?

A

An irritation and erosion of the stomach lining.

26
Q

What is an osmotic laxative?

A

Stool softeners that draw water into the colon and stimulate evacuation of the lower bowel

27
Q

What is a saline laxatives?

A

Attract water into the intestinal lumina

28
Q

What is a surfactant?

A

Stool softeners with detergent activity to make stool soft

29
Q

What is a common antiflatulence?

A

Simethicone

30
Q

What is a common bowel evacuants?

A

Sodium phosphate

31
Q

What are the two forms of IBD?

A

Ulcerative colitis

Crohns Disease

32
Q

What is the most common GI disorder?

A

IBS

33
Q

How does diverticular disease come on?

A

A deficiency of fibre over time

Pharmacology (18 decks)

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