GI Powerpoint Flashcards

1
Q

What is acid reflux?

A

Irritation of the walls of the esophagus that may produce heartburn.

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2
Q

What is the most common symptom of GERD?

A

Heartburn

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3
Q

What are some phase 1 treatments for GERD?

A
Dont smoke 
Dont drink 
Lose weight 
Eat small meals 
Wear loose fitting clothes
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4
Q

What is an antacid?

A

Basic compounds that neutralize hydrochloric acid in gastric secretions.

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5
Q

What two salts can be in antacids?

A

Aluminum

Magnesium

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6
Q

What side effects does does aluminum salts have?

A

Produce constipation, and delays gastric emptying

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7
Q

What side effects does magnesium salts have?

A

Causes diarrhea, can cause gastric emptying.

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8
Q

What are two commonly used antacids?

A

Milk of Magnesia

Maalox

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9
Q

What are some common calcium carbonate antacids?

A

Tums

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10
Q

What is a commonly used foaming agent?

A

Gaviscon - alginic acid

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11
Q

What are foaming agents?

A

Work by covering your stomach contents in foam to prevent reflux

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12
Q

What is another name for an ulcer?

A

Peptic ulcer

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13
Q

What is a stomach ulcer?

A

A small erosion in the GI tract

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14
Q

What is the most common type of ulcer?

A

doudenal

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15
Q

What is a gastric ulcer?

A

An ulcer in the stomach

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16
Q

What is the bacteria called that causes ulcers?

A

Helicobacter Pylori

17
Q

What drug class is a major cause of ulcers?

18
Q

What are three drug classes used in ulcer treatment?

A

H2 Antagonists
PPI
Prostaglandin Analogues

19
Q

What are some H2 antagonists used in the treatment of stomach ulcers?

A

ranitidine

famotidine

20
Q

What are some PPIs used in the treatment of stomach ulcers?

A

esomeprazole
lansoprazole
omeprazole

21
Q

What does sucralfate used to treat?

A

doudenal and stomach ulcers

22
Q

What are some common antidiarrheals?

A

Pepto bismol - bismuth subsalicylate
Lomotil
Imodium

23
Q

What is an antiemetic?

A

Inhibit vomiting impulses

24
Q

What are some common antiemetics?

A

Maxeran

Zofran

25
What is gastritis?
An irritation and erosion of the stomach lining.
26
What is an osmotic laxative?
Stool softeners that draw water into the colon and stimulate evacuation of the lower bowel
27
What is a saline laxatives?
Attract water into the intestinal lumina
28
What is a surfactant?
Stool softeners with detergent activity to make stool soft
29
What is a common antiflatulence?
Simethicone
30
What is a common bowel evacuants?
Sodium phosphate
31
What are the two forms of IBD?
Ulcerative colitis | Crohns Disease
32
What is the most common GI disorder?
IBS
33
How does diverticular disease come on?
A deficiency of fibre over time