GI Powerpoint Flashcards
What is acid reflux?
Irritation of the walls of the esophagus that may produce heartburn.
What is the most common symptom of GERD?
Heartburn
What are some phase 1 treatments for GERD?
Dont smoke Dont drink Lose weight Eat small meals Wear loose fitting clothes
What is an antacid?
Basic compounds that neutralize hydrochloric acid in gastric secretions.
What two salts can be in antacids?
Aluminum
Magnesium
What side effects does does aluminum salts have?
Produce constipation, and delays gastric emptying
What side effects does magnesium salts have?
Causes diarrhea, can cause gastric emptying.
What are two commonly used antacids?
Milk of Magnesia
Maalox
What are some common calcium carbonate antacids?
Tums
What is a commonly used foaming agent?
Gaviscon - alginic acid
What are foaming agents?
Work by covering your stomach contents in foam to prevent reflux
What is another name for an ulcer?
Peptic ulcer
What is a stomach ulcer?
A small erosion in the GI tract
What is the most common type of ulcer?
doudenal
What is a gastric ulcer?
An ulcer in the stomach
What is the bacteria called that causes ulcers?
Helicobacter Pylori
What drug class is a major cause of ulcers?
NSAIDs
What are three drug classes used in ulcer treatment?
H2 Antagonists
PPI
Prostaglandin Analogues
What are some H2 antagonists used in the treatment of stomach ulcers?
ranitidine
famotidine
What are some PPIs used in the treatment of stomach ulcers?
esomeprazole
lansoprazole
omeprazole
What does sucralfate used to treat?
doudenal and stomach ulcers
What are some common antidiarrheals?
Pepto bismol - bismuth subsalicylate
Lomotil
Imodium
What is an antiemetic?
Inhibit vomiting impulses
What are some common antiemetics?
Maxeran
Zofran
What is gastritis?
An irritation and erosion of the stomach lining.
What is an osmotic laxative?
Stool softeners that draw water into the colon and stimulate evacuation of the lower bowel
What is a saline laxatives?
Attract water into the intestinal lumina
What is a surfactant?
Stool softeners with detergent activity to make stool soft
What is a common antiflatulence?
Simethicone
What is a common bowel evacuants?
Sodium phosphate
What are the two forms of IBD?
Ulcerative colitis
Crohns Disease
What is the most common GI disorder?
IBS
How does diverticular disease come on?
A deficiency of fibre over time
