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Pharmacology > Alternative supplements (test 4) > Flashcards

Alternative supplements (test 4) Flashcards

1
Q

Where are fat-soluble vitamins mainly stored?

A

The liver

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2
Q

What are some examples of fat-soluble vitamins?

A

Vitamin A
Vitamin D
Vitamin E
Vitamin K

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3
Q

What is Vitamin A used for in the body?

A

Growth, bone function, shedding and repair epithelial cells, retinal function, and reproductive organs.

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4
Q

What is necessary for the absorption of Vitamin D?

A

Bile

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5
Q

How is vitamin D formed in the body?

A

Through UV rays onto the skin

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6
Q

What happens if you have too much Vitamin E?

A

It can be damaging to the heart

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7
Q

What does the body use Vitamin E for?

A

Prevent cataracts, enhance immune response, prevent heart disease.

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8
Q

What is Retinol?

A

Vitamin A

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9
Q

What is phytonadione?

A

Vitamin K

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10
Q

What id Vitamin K’s function on the body?

A

Plays a role in blood clotting

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11
Q

What are two examples of water-soluble vitamins?

A

Vitamin B

Vitamin C

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12
Q

What is thiamine?

A

Vitamin B1

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13
Q

What is riboflavin?

A

Vitamin B2

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14
Q

What does Vitamin B1 do?

A

Acts as a coenzyme in carbohydrate metabolism

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15
Q

What does vitamin B2 do?

A

Functions to maintain the mucous membranes and metabolic energy pathways

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16
Q

What is nicotinic acid / niacin?

A

Vitamin B3

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17
Q

What are the three D’s of a vitamin B3 deficiency?

A

Diarrhea, dementia, dermatitis

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18
Q

What does vitamin D3 do?

A

Involved in fat synthesis, electron transport, and protein metabolism

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19
Q

What is pantothenic acid?

A

Vitamin B5

20
Q

What does Vitamin D5 do for the body?

A

Essential for growth, physiological functions, and energy production

21
Q

What is pyridoxine?

A

Vitamin B6

22
Q

What is cyanocobalamin?

A

Vitamin B12

23
Q

How is vitamin B12 taken? (ROA)

A

Intramuscularly

24
Q

What happens when there is a deficiency of vitamin B12?

A

Anemia

25
Q

What vitamin is deficient in Ketatomalacia?

A

Vitamin A

26
Q

What vitamin is deficient in Rickets?

A

Vitamin D

27
Q

What vitamin is deficient in Beriberi?

A

Vitamin B1

28
Q

What vitamin is deficient in Pellagra?

A

Vitamin B3

29
Q

What vitamin is deficient in Scurvy?

A

Vitamin C

30
Q

How much water loss can lead to death?

A

25%

31
Q

What does sodium do for the body?

A

Generates and transmits nerve impulses, maintain acid-base balance, and regulate enzyme activity

32
Q

What happens when there is a deficiency in sodium?

A

Vomiting and diarrhea

33
Q

What is potassium important for?

A

water balance, regulation of acid base, protein synthesis, muscle building

34
Q

What happens when the body does not have enough potassium?

A

Loss of muscle tone, weakness, and paralysis

35
Q

What is calcium important for?

A

Bone formation, muscle contraction, and blood coagulation

36
Q

What is chloride important for?

A

transport carbon dioxide
Form hydrochloric acid in the stomach
Retain potassium

37
Q

What is magnesium important for?

A

Nerve and muscle function

38
Q

Where is magnesium abundantly found in the body?

A

The bones

39
Q

What is Ginkgo used for?

A

peripheral vascular disease
Cerebral insufficiency
Alzheimer’ Disease
Inhibits platelet aggregation

40
Q

What is St. John’s Wort also called?

A

Natures Prozac

41
Q

What is St. John’s Wort used for?

A

mild depression, anxiety, and insomnia

42
Q

What is Glucosamine used for?

A

helps restore damaged tissue through the synthesis of cartilage and tendons

43
Q

What is Echinacea commonly used for?

A

The common cold

44
Q

What is ginger commonly used for?

A

Motion sickness, flatulence, stomach disorders, nausea, and vomiting

45
Q

What is the most common route of exposure to industrial poisons?

A

Skin contamination

46
Q

What is the most common route of poisoning?

A

Ingestion

47
Q

What are the two most common agents to wash out the poison from someone’s stomach?

A

Activated charcoals

Cathartics

Pharmacology (18 decks)

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