Test 1: Tissues, Integument, Membranes Flashcards
Why the 6 functions of skin are important
- Secretion-
- Excretion- sweat is excreted through pores to help cool the body
- Temperature regulation-
- Absorption-
- Protection-
- Sensation-
5 layers of epidermis and 1 characteristic of each
- Stratum Corneum- dead cells flake off
- Stratum Lucidum- transparent
- Stratum Granulosum- where cells die
- Stratum Spinosum- irregular shaped cells
- Stratum Germinativum- contains melanocytes
Epidermis vs dermis
Epidermis: outer layer, thinner, stratified squamous, keratin
Dermis: inner layer, thicker, mostly connective tissue, lots of blood vessels, “wet sponge feel”
Papillary region vs reticular region
Papillary: Superficial region, next to epidermis, areolar tissue, papillae
Reticular: Deep, thick, dense irregular tissue, contains accessory organs, wrinkles
Keratin
Waterproof protein – s. Corneum, s. Lucidum
Lunula
White crescent shaped area at the proximal end of the nail
Cuticle
Flap of s. Corneum at base of nail
Hypodermic
Below the skin
Subcutaneous
Below the skin
Intracutaneous
Within the layers of skin
Diaphoresis
Profuse perspiration
Pore
Opening of a sweat gland
Simple
1 layer
Stratified
Multiple layers
Malignant
Threatening, cancerous
Benign
Non-threatening
Carcinogen
Cancer generator
Carcinogenisis
Start of a cancerous cell
Tumor
Excess tissue formed by unregulated cell growth
Tissue
Group of similar cells that share a common origin and perform a particular function; tissues join together to form organs
Exocrine gland
Secretes products that leave the body through ducts
Endocrine gland
Secretes products inside the body; ductless
Hemopoiesis
the production of blood cells in the red bone marrow
Avascular
Lack of blood vessels
Adipocyte
Cell that stores fat
Metastasis
Spread of the primary malignant tumor
Apocrine sweat gland
Underarm and genital area; hair follicles
Eccrine sweat gland
Produces perspiration all over the body
Sebaceous gland
Secretes oil into hair
Cerumenous gland
Modified sweat glands that secrete wax
Sebum
Oily secretions of the sebaceous glands
Arrector pili muscle
Small muscles attached to hairs to create goosebumps
Collagen
A protein that is abundant in connective tissue
Fibroblasts
Cells that produce matrix
Goblet cell
Secret cell forming mucins
Friction ridges
Finger prints; bottom of feet and palms
Cerumen
Ear wax
Pavilion corpuscle
Deep in the layers of skin; senses vibrations and touch
Ruffini corpuscle
Sensory end organs in the connective tissue of the fingers
Pacinian corpuscle
Receptor for vibrations and touch
Krause corpuscles
Any of numerous nerve endings in the skin and mucous membranes; sense cold
Root hair plexuses
fiber endings that are sensitive to touch; knows when hair moves
Merkel’s disc
Provide info on pressure and position: in basal epidermis
Meissner’s corpuscles
Responsible for sensitivity to light touch; abundant in feet and hands
Integument
A tougher protection layer
Interstitial fluid
A portion of extracellular material that fills spaces between tissue
Superficial fascia
Bottom layer; connects skin to muscle
Squamous
Covered with scales
Melanin
Pigment in skin
Matrix
The intercellular material in connective tissue
Porto-oncogenes
Normal gene that is mutated to contribute to cancer
Suppressor genes
slow the process of cell division to fix mistakes
Adduct
Move toward the midline of the body or toward another body part
Neoplasm
Abnormal growth of tissue
Membrane
A semi-permeable protective layer
Papillae
Small nipple like part of the body
