Test 1: Tissues, Integument, Membranes

Question 1

Why the 6 functions of skin are important

Answer 1

1. Secretion-
2. Excretion- sweat is excreted through pores to help cool the body
3. Temperature regulation-
4. Absorption-
5. Protection-
6. Sensation-

Question 2

5 layers of epidermis and 1 characteristic of each

Answer 2

1. Stratum Corneum- dead cells flake off
2. Stratum Lucidum- transparent
3. Stratum Granulosum- where cells die
4. Stratum Spinosum- irregular shaped cells
5. Stratum Germinativum- contains melanocytes

Question 3

Epidermis vs dermis

Answer 3

Epidermis: outer layer, thinner, stratified squamous, keratin
Dermis: inner layer, thicker, mostly connective tissue, lots of blood vessels, “wet sponge feel”

Question 4

Papillary region vs reticular region

Answer 4

Papillary: Superficial region, next to epidermis, areolar tissue, papillae
Reticular: Deep, thick, dense irregular tissue, contains accessory organs, wrinkles

Question 5

Keratin

Answer 5

Waterproof protein – s. Corneum, s. Lucidum

Question 6

Lunula

Answer 6

White crescent shaped area at the proximal end of the nail

Question 7

Cuticle

Answer 7

Flap of s. Corneum at base of nail

Question 8

Hypodermic

Answer 8

Below the skin

Question 9

Subcutaneous

Answer 9

Below the skin

Question 10

Intracutaneous

Answer 10

Within the layers of skin

Question 11

Diaphoresis

Answer 11

Profuse perspiration

Question 12

Pore

Answer 12

Opening of a sweat gland

Question 13

Simple

Answer 13

1 layer

Question 14

Stratified

Answer 14

Multiple layers

Question 15

Malignant

Answer 15

Threatening, cancerous

Question 16

Benign

Answer 16

Non-threatening

Question 17

Carcinogen

Answer 17

Cancer generator

Question 18

Carcinogenisis

Answer 18

Start of a cancerous cell

Question 19

Tumor

Answer 19

Excess tissue formed by unregulated cell growth

Question 20

Tissue

Answer 20

Group of similar cells that share a common origin and perform a particular function; tissues join together to form organs

Question 21

Exocrine gland

Answer 21

Secretes products that leave the body through ducts

Question 22

Endocrine gland

Answer 22

Secretes products inside the body; ductless

Question 23

Hemopoiesis

Answer 23

the production of blood cells in the red bone marrow

Question 24

Avascular

Answer 24

Lack of blood vessels

Question 25

Adipocyte

Answer 25

Cell that stores fat

Question 26

Metastasis

Answer 26

Spread of the primary malignant tumor

Question 27

Apocrine sweat gland

Answer 27

Underarm and genital area; hair follicles

Question 28

Eccrine sweat gland

Answer 28

Produces perspiration all over the body

Question 29

Sebaceous gland

Answer 29

Secretes oil into hair

Question 30

Cerumenous gland

Answer 30

Modified sweat glands that secrete wax

Question 31

Sebum

Answer 31

Oily secretions of the sebaceous glands

Question 32

Arrector pili muscle

Answer 32

Small muscles attached to hairs to create goosebumps

Question 33

Collagen

Answer 33

A protein that is abundant in connective tissue

Question 34

Fibroblasts

Answer 34

Cells that produce matrix

Question 35

Goblet cell

Answer 35

Secret cell forming mucins

Question 36

Friction ridges

Answer 36

Finger prints; bottom of feet and palms

Question 37

Cerumen

Answer 37

Ear wax

Question 38

Pavilion corpuscle

Answer 38

Deep in the layers of skin; senses vibrations and touch

Question 39

Ruffini corpuscle

Answer 39

Sensory end organs in the connective tissue of the fingers

Question 40

Pacinian corpuscle

Answer 40

Receptor for vibrations and touch

Question 41

Krause corpuscles

Answer 41

Any of numerous nerve endings in the skin and mucous membranes; sense cold

Question 42

Root hair plexuses

Answer 42

fiber endings that are sensitive to touch; knows when hair moves

Question 43

Merkel's disc

Answer 43

Provide info on pressure and position: in basal epidermis

Question 44

Meissner's corpuscles

Answer 44

Responsible for sensitivity to light touch; abundant in feet and hands

Question 45

Integument

Answer 45

A tougher protection layer

Question 46

Interstitial fluid

Answer 46

A portion of extracellular material that fills spaces between tissue

Question 47

Superficial fascia

Answer 47

Bottom layer; connects skin to muscle

Question 48

Squamous

Answer 48

Covered with scales

Question 49

Melanin

Answer 49

Pigment in skin

Question 50

Matrix

Answer 50

The intercellular material in connective tissue

Question 51

Porto-oncogenes

Answer 51

Normal gene that is mutated to contribute to cancer

Question 52

Suppressor genes

Answer 52

slow the process of cell division to fix mistakes

Question 53

Adduct

Answer 53

Move toward the midline of the body or toward another body part

Question 54

Neoplasm

Answer 54

Abnormal growth of tissue

Question 55

Membrane

Answer 55

A semi-permeable protective layer

Question 56

Papillae

Answer 56

Small nipple like part of the body