Reproduction Test Flashcards
Autosome
First 22 pairs
Haploid
n
Somatic cells
Normal body tissue cells
Genotype
Genetic makeup, “what you are”
Mutation
Nondisjunction in haploid cells
Karyotype
Arrangement of chromosomes
Race
Geographical gene/trait variation
Mitosis
Division of cells into daughter cells with full sets of chromosomes
Chromatid
strand of DNA
Centromere
connects chromatids
Cleavage
increasing cell number without increasing size
ICM
mass of cells –> fetus
Corona Radiata
layer of follicular cells, surrounds ovum
Chorion
protects embryo
Graafian follicle
mature ovulated ovum
Trilaminar disc
day 7-14, 3 germ layers –> body systems
Colostrum
first milk
Ectopic
egg implants outside uterus
Breech
baby head ^
Cells of leydig
produce/secrete testosterone in seminiferous tubules
Seminiferous tubules
coil within testes, spermatogenesis
Dartos
connective tissue on shaft and scrotum
Meiosis
produces sex cells, splits number of chromosomes present in have, 4 gamete cells produced
Sex chromosome
23rd pair, xx or xy
Diploid
2n
Sex cels
gametes, DNA shows only mom or dad, n
Chromosome
made of protein and DNA
Allele
dominant/recessive, 2 = trait
Phenotype
what you look like
Inbreeding
incest
Sex-linked trait
hemophilia, color blindness
Heterosis
traits enhanced by mixing parents’ genes
Eugenics
controlled breeding
Blastocyst
ICM and trophoblast implanted in uterus
Trophoblast
develops placenta
Zona pellucida
fluid around ovum
Amnion
inner membrane around embryo
Morula
hollow ball of cells
Parturition
birth
Areola
surrounds nipple, helps eject milk
Afterbirth
placenta expelled from body
Glans
penis tip
Tunica
testes covering
Erectile tissue
3 masses, corpus cavernosum and corpus spongiosum
sertoli cells
‘nurse cells’ in seminiferous tubules
Spermatogonium
1st stage of spermatogenesis
Cremaster muscle
Pulls testes toward body