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Human Bio > Quiz 3 - Tissues > Flashcards

Quiz 3 - Tissues Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Tissue

A

Group of similar cells that share a common origin and perform a particular function; tissues join together to form organs

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2
Q

Epithelial tissue (6)

A
  • cells are closely packed together
  • little or no interstitial fluid
  • avascular
  • cover and line body cavities and surfaces
  • form glands
  • functional cells of the liver and kidneys
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3
Q

Covering and lining epithelium (2)

A
  • cells are stationary

* classified by shape and arrangement of cells

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4
Q

Glandular epithelium (3)

A
  • closely packed cells that manufacture and secrete products
  • form glands
  • cube shaped
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5
Q

Exocrine gland

A

Secretes products that leave the body through ducts

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6
Q

Endocrine gland

A

Secretes products inside the body; ductless

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7
Q

Simple squamous epithelium

A
  • 1 layer of flat cells
  • diffusion of gases
  • located in capillaries, blood vessels, and alveoli
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8
Q

Stratified squamous epithelium

A
  • multiple layers of flat cells
  • protection
  • found in skin, esophagus, rectum, and reproductive organs
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9
Q

Cell

A

Organized packet of chemicals providing the basis for structure and function

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10
Q

Simple columnar epithelium

A
  • 1 layer of column shaped cells
  • secretion/absorption
  • lines glands and digestive tract
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11
Q

Stratified columnar epithelium

A
  • multiple layers of column-shaped cells
  • secretion/protection
  • found in reproductive organs, urethra, and pharynx
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12
Q

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

A
  • one layer
  • secretes mucus (ciliated)
  • respiratory tract
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13
Q

Simple cuboidal epithelium

A
  • 1 layer of cubed cells
  • carries secretions to other parts of the body
  • lines glands and digestive tract, kidneys, liver
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14
Q

Stratified cuboidal epithelium

A
  • multiple layers of cubed cells
  • protects ducts of exocrine glands
  • lines glands
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15
Q

Transitional epithelium

A
  • multiple layers of cells
  • distinction and contraction in response to changing volumes of urine
  • found in urinary bladder, ureters, and kidneys
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16
Q

Muscle tissue (5)

A
  • cells contain protein
  • cells are called fibers due to their shape
  • shortening of fibers causes movement
  • proteins and fibers are arranged in bundles
  • many mitochondria
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17
Q

Skeletal tissue (7)

A
  • attached to bones
  • voluntary
  • striated
  • many nuclei/fibers
  • long, cylindrical fibers
  • strongest
  • locomotion
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18
Q

Visceral/smooth tissue (7)

A
  • organs, eye, blood vessels
  • involuntary
  • non-striated
  • 1 nucleus/fiber
  • tapered fibers
  • weakest
  • moves substances, vision
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19
Q

Cardiac tissue (8)

A
  • heart
  • involuntary
  • striated
  • 1 nucleus/fiber
  • bifurcated fibers
  • does not fatigue
  • heartbeat
  • intercalated discs
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20
Q

Nerve tissue (3)

A

•well developed properties of conductivity and excitability
•send and carry electrochemical signals throughout the body
•major component of body integration
A. Neurons
B. Neuroglia

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21
Q

Connective tissue (4)

A 
•widely scattered cells
•large amount of matrix
•most widespread of all tissues 
•2 types of cells
     -produce and maintain the matrix
     -protects tissue from infection
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22
Q

Matrix (4)

A
  • ground substance
  • maintains fibers
  • contains vascular tissue
  • first tissue formed when damage to the body occurs (scar tissue)
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23
Q

Dense regular connective tissue proper (3)

A
  • parallel masses of collagenous fibers
  • resists to pulling forces, makes up ligaments and tendons
  • found in ligaments and tendons
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24
Q

Dense irregular connective tissue proper (3)

A
  • masses of collagenous fibers interwoven into dense matting
  • encapsulates certain organs, cartilage, bone, and supports epithelial layer of skin as dermis
  • found in the dermis of skin
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25
Q

Areolar connective tissue proper

A
  • scattered fibers
  • secretion, stores fat, engulfs waste, protection, movement, GLUE
  • found under the skin all throughout the body
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26
Q

Adipose connective tissue proper

A
  • large vesicles
  • stores and releases fat, acts as an insulator and protective padding
  • found on the surface of certain viscera and serous membranes, bone marrow, and loose connective tissue
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27
Q

Compact/dense bone tissue

A
  • ring structure (osteons)
  • structural support
  • found in bones
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28
Q

Spongy/cancellous bone tissue

A
  • thin, bony plates, red bone marrow in between
  • forms interior framework of bone
  • found in bones
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29
Q

Hyaline cartilage tissue

A
  • scattered fibers
  • elasticity between bones, helps bones grow
  • found at the ends of bones, nose, ribs, and larynx, most abundant
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30
Q

Elastic cartilage tissue

A
  • elastic fibers
  • weaker, flexible support
  • found in epiglottis and external ear
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31
Q

Fibrous cartilage tissue

A
  • collagenous fibers
  • very strong support
  • found in vertebral bodies, interpubic joint, joint capsules, and related ligaments
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32
Q

Reticular blood forming tissue

A
  • general tissue
  • filters and protects
  • “cobwebby”
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33
Q

Lymphatic tissue

A

found in the spleen, tonsils, and thymus gland

34
Q

Myeloid tissue

A
  • formation of blood cells

* found inside bone

35
Q

Blood

A

•transport of needed substances

36
Q

Avascular

A

no blood vessels

37
Q

Matrix (basic definition)

A

intracellular material in connective tissue

38
Q

Striation

A

a groove, scratch, or channel

39
Q

Intercalated disc

A

separates cells in cardiac muscle fibers

40
Q

Fiber

A

a threadlike structure that forms tissues

41
Q

Reticulin

A

a structural protein found in connective tissue

42
Q

Elastin

A

a glycoprotein found in connective tissue

43
Q

Collagen

A

a protein that is an abundant component of connective tissue

44
Q

Adipocyte

A

a cell found in connective tissue that stores fat

45
Q

Interstitial fluid

A

the portion of extracellular fluid that fills the tissue spaces between cells

46
Q

Hemopoiesis

A

the production of blood cells in the red bone marrow

47
Q

Endocrine

A

ductless

48
Q

Exocrine

A

have ducts

49
Q

Tumor

A

excess of tissue produced by unregulated growth of cells

50
Q

Benign

A

not threatening, not metastasize

51
Q

Malignant

A

threatening, metastasizes

52
Q

Metastasis

A

spread of a malignant tumor into other tissues

53
Q

Lining of urinary bladder, extensibility

A

Transitional

54
Q

Secretion of mucus

A

Pseudostratified columnar

55
Q

1 layer of flat cells

A

Simple squamous

56
Q

Functional cells of kidney

A

Simple squamous or simple cuboidal

57
Q

Avascular (what tissue)

A

All epithelial tissue

58
Q

Several layers of flat cells

A

Stratified squamous

59
Q

Diffusion of respiratory gases

A

Simple squamous

60
Q

Ducts of skin glands

A

Simple cuboidal

61
Q

Irregularly shaped cells with cilia

A

Pseudostratified columnar

62
Q

Lines stomach and intestines

A

Simple columnar

63
Q

Fibers are bifricated

A

Cardiac muscle

64
Q

Iris of eye, arrector pili

A

Visceral muscle

65
Q

Many nuclei per fiber

A

Skeletal muscle

66
Q

Intercalated discs

A

Cardiac muscles

67
Q

No striations

A

Visceral muscle

68
Q

Tapered fibers

A

Visceral muscle

69
Q

Striated, involuntary

A

Cardiac muscle

70
Q

Lines walls of hollow organs and blood vessels

A

Visceral muscle

71
Q

Arranged in bundles, long fibers

A

Skeletal muscle

72
Q

Voluntary

A

Skeletal muscle

73
Q

“Glue” of the body, widespread

A

Areolar

74
Q

Spleen, tonsils, thymus gland

A

Lymphatic tissue

75
Q

Strong support, framework

A

Bone

76
Q

Formation of blood cells, inside bone

A

Myeloid

77
Q

Connection; tendons, ligaments, scars

A

Dense fibrous

78
Q

Fat tissue; insulation; protection

A

Adipose

79
Q

Discs between vertebrae

A

Fibrous cartilage

80
Q

Transport of needed substances

A

Blood

81
Q

General tissue; filters,protects, “cobwebby”

A

Reticular

82
Q

Covers articulate surfaces of bones

A

Hyaline cartilage

Human Bio (30 decks)

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