Quiz 3 - Tissues Flashcards
1
Q
Tissue
A
Group of similar cells that share a common origin and perform a particular function; tissues join together to form organs
2
Q
Epithelial tissue (6)
A
- cells are closely packed together
- little or no interstitial fluid
- avascular
- cover and line body cavities and surfaces
- form glands
- functional cells of the liver and kidneys
3
Q
Covering and lining epithelium (2)
A
- cells are stationary
* classified by shape and arrangement of cells
4
Q
Glandular epithelium (3)
A
- closely packed cells that manufacture and secrete products
- form glands
- cube shaped
5
Q
Exocrine gland
A
Secretes products that leave the body through ducts
6
Q
Endocrine gland
A
Secretes products inside the body; ductless
7
Q
Simple squamous epithelium
A
- 1 layer of flat cells
- diffusion of gases
- located in capillaries, blood vessels, and alveoli
8
Q
Stratified squamous epithelium
A
- multiple layers of flat cells
- protection
- found in skin, esophagus, rectum, and reproductive organs
9
Q
Cell
A
Organized packet of chemicals providing the basis for structure and function
10
Q
Simple columnar epithelium
A
- 1 layer of column shaped cells
- secretion/absorption
- lines glands and digestive tract
11
Q
Stratified columnar epithelium
A
- multiple layers of column-shaped cells
- secretion/protection
- found in reproductive organs, urethra, and pharynx
12
Q
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
A
- one layer
- secretes mucus (ciliated)
- respiratory tract
13
Q
Simple cuboidal epithelium
A
- 1 layer of cubed cells
- carries secretions to other parts of the body
- lines glands and digestive tract, kidneys, liver
14
Q
Stratified cuboidal epithelium
A
- multiple layers of cubed cells
- protects ducts of exocrine glands
- lines glands
15
Q
Transitional epithelium
A
- multiple layers of cells
- distinction and contraction in response to changing volumes of urine
- found in urinary bladder, ureters, and kidneys
16
Q
Muscle tissue (5)
A
- cells contain protein
- cells are called fibers due to their shape
- shortening of fibers causes movement
- proteins and fibers are arranged in bundles
- many mitochondria
17
Q
Skeletal tissue (7)
A
- attached to bones
- voluntary
- striated
- many nuclei/fibers
- long, cylindrical fibers
- strongest
- locomotion
18
Q
Visceral/smooth tissue (7)
A
- organs, eye, blood vessels
- involuntary
- non-striated
- 1 nucleus/fiber
- tapered fibers
- weakest
- moves substances, vision
19
Q
Cardiac tissue (8)
A
- heart
- involuntary
- striated
- 1 nucleus/fiber
- bifurcated fibers
- does not fatigue
- heartbeat
- intercalated discs
20
Q
Nerve tissue (3)
A
•well developed properties of conductivity and excitability
•send and carry electrochemical signals throughout the body
•major component of body integration
A. Neurons
B. Neuroglia
21
Q
Connective tissue (4)
A
•widely scattered cells
•large amount of matrix
•most widespread of all tissues
•2 types of cells
-produce and maintain the matrix
-protects tissue from infection
22
Q
Matrix (4)
A
- ground substance
- maintains fibers
- contains vascular tissue
- first tissue formed when damage to the body occurs (scar tissue)
23
Q
Dense regular connective tissue proper (3)
A
- parallel masses of collagenous fibers
- resists to pulling forces, makes up ligaments and tendons
- found in ligaments and tendons
24
Q
Dense irregular connective tissue proper (3)
A
- masses of collagenous fibers interwoven into dense matting
- encapsulates certain organs, cartilage, bone, and supports epithelial layer of skin as dermis
- found in the dermis of skin
25
Areolar connective tissue proper
* scattered fibers
* secretion, stores fat, engulfs waste, protection, movement, GLUE
* found under the skin all throughout the body
26
Adipose connective tissue proper
* large vesicles
* stores and releases fat, acts as an insulator and protective padding
* found on the surface of certain viscera and serous membranes, bone marrow, and loose connective tissue
27
Compact/dense bone tissue
* ring structure (osteons)
* structural support
* found in bones
28
Spongy/cancellous bone tissue
* thin, bony plates, red bone marrow in between
* forms interior framework of bone
* found in bones
29
Hyaline cartilage tissue
* scattered fibers
* elasticity between bones, helps bones grow
* found at the ends of bones, nose, ribs, and larynx, most abundant
30
Elastic cartilage tissue
* elastic fibers
* weaker, flexible support
* found in epiglottis and external ear
31
Fibrous cartilage tissue
* collagenous fibers
* very strong support
* found in vertebral bodies, interpubic joint, joint capsules, and related ligaments
32
Reticular blood forming tissue
* general tissue
* filters and protects
* "cobwebby"
33
Lymphatic tissue
found in the spleen, tonsils, and thymus gland
34
Myeloid tissue
* formation of blood cells
| * found inside bone
35
Blood
•transport of needed substances
36
Avascular
no blood vessels
37
Matrix (basic definition)
intracellular material in connective tissue
38
Striation
a groove, scratch, or channel
39
Intercalated disc
separates cells in cardiac muscle fibers
40
Fiber
a threadlike structure that forms tissues
41
Reticulin
a structural protein found in connective tissue
42
Elastin
a glycoprotein found in connective tissue
43
Collagen
a protein that is an abundant component of connective tissue
44
Adipocyte
a cell found in connective tissue that stores fat
45
Interstitial fluid
the portion of extracellular fluid that fills the tissue spaces between cells
46
Hemopoiesis
the production of blood cells in the red bone marrow
47
Endocrine
ductless
48
Exocrine
have ducts
49
Tumor
excess of tissue produced by unregulated growth of cells
50
Benign
not threatening, not metastasize
51
Malignant
threatening, metastasizes
52
Metastasis
spread of a malignant tumor into other tissues
53
Lining of urinary bladder, extensibility
Transitional
54
Secretion of mucus
Pseudostratified columnar
55
1 layer of flat cells
Simple squamous
56
Functional cells of kidney
Simple squamous or simple cuboidal
57
Avascular (what tissue)
All epithelial tissue
58
Several layers of flat cells
Stratified squamous
59
Diffusion of respiratory gases
Simple squamous
60
Ducts of skin glands
Simple cuboidal
61
Irregularly shaped cells with cilia
Pseudostratified columnar
62
Lines stomach and intestines
Simple columnar
63
Fibers are bifricated
Cardiac muscle
64
Iris of eye, arrector pili
Visceral muscle
65
Many nuclei per fiber
Skeletal muscle
66
Intercalated discs
Cardiac muscles
67
No striations
Visceral muscle
68
Tapered fibers
Visceral muscle
69
Striated, involuntary
Cardiac muscle
70
Lines walls of hollow organs and blood vessels
Visceral muscle
71
Arranged in bundles, long fibers
Skeletal muscle
72
Voluntary
Skeletal muscle
73
"Glue" of the body, widespread
Areolar
74
Spleen, tonsils, thymus gland
Lymphatic tissue
75
Strong support, framework
Bone
76
Formation of blood cells, inside bone
Myeloid
77
Connection; tendons, ligaments, scars
Dense fibrous
78
Fat tissue; insulation; protection
Adipose
79
Discs between vertebrae
Fibrous cartilage
80
Transport of needed substances
Blood
81
General tissue; filters,protects, "cobwebby"
Reticular
82
Covers articulate surfaces of bones
Hyaline cartilage
