Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medical Terminology > Terms (Ch 4) > Flashcards

Terms (Ch 4) Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

abductor

A

muscle that draws a limb away from the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

abnormal

A

pertaining to away from the rule or order

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

adrenal glands

A

endocrine glands above the kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

anabolism

A

process of building up proteins in cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

analysis

A

separation of a substance into various parts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

anoxia

A

without oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

ante cibum

A

before meals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

anteflexion

A

bending forward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

antepartum

A

before birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

antibiotic

A

chemical substance that has the ability to inhibit or destroy foreign organisms in the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

antibody

A

protein made by white blood cells in response to foreign substances (antigens) in the blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

antigen

A

foreign substance or toxin (poison) that stimulates the production of an antibody; evokes an immune response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

antisepsis

A

destruction of microorganisms to prevent infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

antitoxin

A

substance produced against a toxin (poison); an antibody

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

apnea

A

without breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

autoimmune disease

A

condition in which the immune system (antibodies) attacks normal, healthy cells producing chronic, disabling diseases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

benign

A

non-cancerous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

bifurcation

A

branching into two parts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

bilateral

A

pertaining to two or both sides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

bradycardia

A

slow heartbeat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

catabolism

A

cellular process of breaking down complex nutrients to simpler substances; energy is released to do the work of the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

congenital anomaly

A

abnormality present at birth; birth defect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

connective tissue

A

tissue that supports and binds other tissues and parts (ex: bone, cartilage, muscle, fat, and fibrous tissues)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

contraindication

A

factor that indicates against the administration of a drug or procedure in the care of a patient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

contralateral

A

affecting the opposite side of a part of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

dehydration

A

excessive loss of water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

dialysis

A

separation of nitrogenous wastes from the blood when the kidneys no longer function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

diameter

A

measurement through the center of a circle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

diarrhea

A

frequent passage of loose, watery stools

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

dysentery

A

painful, inflamed intestines commonly caused by bacterial infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

dysplasia

A

condition of abnormal formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

dyspnea

A

difficult breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

dystrophy

A

condition of abnormal development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

ectopic pregnancy

A

pregnancy that is out of place (not in the uterus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

endocardium

A

inner lining of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

endoscope

A

instrument to visually examine the interior of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

endotracheal

A

pertaining to within the trachea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

epithelium

A

layer of cells covering the external surface of the body and lining the hollow tubes within the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

euphoria

A

exaggerated feeling of well-being; elevated mood, “high”

40
Q

euthyroid

A

normal thyroid function

41
Q

exophthalmos

A

protrusion of the eyeball; sign of hyperthyroidism

42
Q

hemiglossectomy

A

removal (resection) of half the tongue

43
Q

hyperglycemia

A

high levels of sugar in the bloodstream; associated with diabetes mellitus

44
Q

hyperplasia

A

condition of increased formation of cells

45
Q

hypertension

A

high blood pressure

46
Q

hypertrophy

A

increase in size of tissue or an organ due to increase in size of individual cells

47
Q

hypodermic injection

A

injection of medication under the skin

48
Q

hypoglycemia

A

low/deficient levels of sugar in blood

49
Q

incision

A

process of cutting into the body

50
Q

infracostal

A

pertaining to below the ribs

51
Q

insomniac

A

pertaining to without sleep; an insomniac is a person who can’t sleep

52
Q

intercostal

A

pertaining to between the ribs

53
Q

intravenous

A

pertaining to within a vein

54
Q

macrocephaly

A

condition of a larger than normal head; congenital anomaly

55
Q

malaise

A

general feeling of bodily discomfort

56
Q

malignant

A

cancerous; harmful

57
Q

metacarpal bones

A

hand bones; literally beyond the wrist

58
Q

metamorphosis

A

condition of change of shape or form

59
Q

metastasis

A

spread of a malignant tumor beyond its original location to a distant site

60
Q

microcephaly

A

condition of smaller than normal head; congenital anomaly

61
Q

microscope

A

instrument to view small objects

62
Q

neonatal

A

pertaining to a new birth

63
Q

neoplasm

A

new growth

64
Q

pancytopenia

A

deficiency of all (blood) cells

65
Q

paralysis

A

destruction of nerve tissue leading to loss of sensation or motion in a part of the body

66
Q

parathyroid glands

A

four endocrine glands on the posterior (dorsal) side of the thyroid gland; secretes parathormone

67
Q

percutaneous

A

pertaining to through the skin

68
Q

pericardium

A

double-layered membrane surrounding the heart

69
Q

polymorphonuclear

A

pertaining to a multi-lobed nucleus (in granulocytic white blood cells)

70
Q

polyneuritis

A

inflammation of many muscles

71
Q

postmortem

A

after death

72
Q

postpartum

A

after birth

73
Q

precancerous

A

pertaining to occurring before a malignant condition

74
Q

prenatal

A

pertaining to before birth

75
Q

prodrome

A

sign or symptom that appears before the onset of a more serious illness

76
Q

prolapse

A

sliding forward or downward

77
Q

prosthesis

A

artificial substitute for a missing body part

78
Q

recombinant DNA

A

insertion of a gene (region of DNA) from one organism into the DNA of another

79
Q

relapse

A

sliding or falling back; as in return of illness after apparent recovery

80
Q

remission

A

return to good health; signs and symptoms of disease are gone

81
Q

retroflexion

A

bending backward

82
Q

retroperitoneal

A

pertaining to behind the peritoneum (membrane surrounding the abdominal cavity)

83
Q

subcutaneous

A

pertaining to under the skin

84
Q

suprapubic

A

pertaining to above the pubic bones

85
Q

symbiosis

A

close interaction between two organisms living in close association

86
Q

symmetry

A

measurement together; similarity of parts as in mirror images of each other

87
Q

symphysis

A

bones that grow together separated by a piece of fibrocartilage

88
Q

symptom

A

subjective change in a condition as perceived by the patient

89
Q

syndactyly

A

fusion of fingers or toes; congenital anomaly

90
Q

syndrome

A

signs and symptoms that occur together indicating a particular condition or disorder

91
Q

synthesis

A

putting together of simple substances to create something new and often more complex

92
Q

tachypnea

A

abnormally rapid breathing

93
Q

transfusion

A

transfer of blood from one person to another

94
Q

transurethral

A

pertaining to across or though the urethra

95
Q

ultrasonography

A

use of high frequency sound waves to produce a record or picture of an organ or tissue

96
Q

unilateral

A

pertaining to one side

Medical Terminology (42 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions