Pathology; Lab Tests and Clinical Procedure Terms (Ch 16)

Question 1

abscess

Answer 1

cavity containing pus surrounded by inflamed tissue; usually the result of localized infection

Question 2

acne

Answer 2

chronic papular and pustular eruption of the skin with increased production of sebum

Question 3

alopecia areata

Answer 3

autoimmune disease in which hair falls out in round patches

Question 4

atopic dermatitis

Answer 4

inflammation of skin (rash and intense itching) that tends to occur in patients with a family history of allergic reactions

Question 5

bacterial analyses

Answer 5

samples of skin examined for presence of microorganisms

Question 6

basal cell carcinoma

Answer 6

skin cancer arising from cells in the basal layer of the epidermis

Question 7

bulla; bullae

Answer 7

large blister

Question 8

burns

Answer 8

injuries to tissues caused by heat contact

Question 9

callus

Answer 9

hard, thickened area of skin occurring in areas of the body exposed to friction or pressure

Question 10

cellulitis

Answer 10

diffuse, acute inflammatory infection of the skin marked by local heat, redness, pain, and swelling

Question 11

cicatrix

Answer 11

scar tissue

Question 12

comedo; comedones

Answer 12

clogged hair follicle (pore) in the skin; blackhead (open comedo) or white (closed comedo)

Question 13

crust

Answer 13

collection on the skin of dried sebum and cellular debris; scab

Question 14

cryosurgery

Answer 14

use of subfreezing temperature to destroy tissue; cryocauterization

Question 15

curettage

Answer 15

scraping of material from the skin or from the wall of a cavity

Question 16

cyst

Answer 16

thick-walled, closed sac or pouch containing fluid or semisolid fluid

Question 17

decubitus ulcer

Answer 17

inflammation, sore, or ulcer in the skin over a bony part of the body; pressure ulcer; bedsore

Question 18

dysplastic nevi

Answer 18

abnormal moles with irregular borders, indistinct margins, and mixed coloration; often precursors of malignant melanomas

Question 19

ecchymosis; ecchymoses

Answer 19

bleeding into the skin; a bruise

Question 20

eczema

Answer 20

chronic dermatitis of unknown etiology, marked by redness, blisters, scales, and scabs; atopic dermatitis

Question 21

electrodesiccation

Answer 21

destruction of tissue by burning with an electric spark

Question 22

erosion

Answer 22

wearing away or loss of epidermis

Question 23

exanthematous viral disease

Answer 23

rash (exanthem) of skin due to viral infection; measles (rubeola) and chicken pox (varicella) are examples

Question 24

fissure

Answer 24

groove or crack-like sore

Question 25

fungal tests

Answer 25

scrapings from skin lesions, hair specimens, or nail clippings are sent to a laboratory for culture and microscopic identification of fungal infection

Question 26

gangrene

Answer 26

death of tissue associated with loss of blood supply

Question 27

impetigo

Answer 27

bacterial inflammatory skin disease characterized by vesicles, pustules, and crusted-over lesions

Question 28

kaposi sarcoma

Answer 28

malignant tumor of skin and connective tissue; associated with AIDS

Question 29

keloid

Answer 29

enlarged scar on the skin

Question 30

macule

Answer 30

flat, pigmented lesion on the skin measuring less than 1 cm in diameter; freckles, tattoo marks, and flat moles are examples

Question 31

malignant melanoma

Answer 31

cancerous skin growth composed of melanocytes

Question 32

mohs surgery

Answer 32

thin layers of malignant tissue are removed, and each slice is examined microscopically to check for adequate extent of the resection

Question 33

nevus; nevi

Answer 33

mole (pigmented lesion of the skin)

Question 34

nodule

Answer 34

solid, round or oval elevated lesion 1 cm or more in diameter

Question 35

papule

Answer 35

small (less than 1 cm in diameter), solid elevation of the skin; skin tags and pimples (as in acne) are examples

Question 36

petechia; petechiae

Answer 36

small pinpoint hemorrhage under the skin

Question 37

pilonidal cyst

Answer 37

abnormal sac containing hair and skin debris located near the tail bone

Question 38

pruritus

Answer 38

itching

Question 39

psoriasis

Answer 39

chronic, recurrent dermatosis marked by itchy, scaly, red plaques covered by silvery gray scales

Question 40

purpura

Answer 40

multiple pinpoint hemorrhages and accumulation of blood under the skin caused by deficiency of clotting cells (platelets)

Question 41

purulent

Answer 41

pus-filled; forming or containing pus

Question 42

pustule

Answer 42

small abscess (collection of pus) on the skin; a papule containing pus

Question 43

rubella

Answer 43

exanthemous viral disease; German measles

Question 44

rubeola

Answer 44

exanthemous viral disease; measles

Question 45

scabies

Answer 45

contagious, parasitic infection of the skin with intense pruritus (itching)

Question 46

scleroderma

Answer 46

chronic progressive disease of the skin and internal organs with hardening and shrinking of connective tissue

Question 47

skin biopsy

Answer 47

suspicious skin lesions are removed or sampled and examined microscopically by a pathologist

Question 48

skin test

Answer 48

substances are injected intradermally or applied to the skin, and results are observed

Question 49

squamous cell carcinoma

Answer 49

malignant tumor of the squamous epithelial cells in the epidermis

Question 50

systemic lupus erythematosis

Answer 50

chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease of collagen in skin, joints, and internal organs

Question 51

tinea

Answer 51

infection of the skin caused by a fungus; tinea corporis (ringworm) and tinea pedis (athlete's foot) are examples

Question 52

ulcer

Answer 52

open sore on the skin or mucous membranes of the body

Question 53

urticaria

Answer 53

acute allergic reaction in which red, round wheals develop on the skin; hives

Question 54

varicella

Answer 54

exanthematous viral disease marked by itchy red rash (herpes zoster) that develops into blisters and pustules and then scabs; chicken pox

Question 55

verruca; verrucae

Answer 55

small benign growth (wart) in the skin; caused by a virus

Question 56

vesicle

Answer 56

small collection of clear fluid (serum); blister

Question 57

vitiligo

Answer 57

patches of white, unpigmented skin surrounded by areas of normal skin; leukoderma

Question 58

wheal

Answer 58

smooth, edematous (swollen): papule or plaque that is centrally redder than the surrounding skin; often accompanied by itching