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Medical Terminology > Pathology; Lab Tests and Clinical Procedure Terms (Ch 16) > Flashcards

Pathology; Lab Tests and Clinical Procedure Terms (Ch 16) Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

abscess

A

cavity containing pus surrounded by inflamed tissue; usually the result of localized infection

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2
Q

acne

A

chronic papular and pustular eruption of the skin with increased production of sebum

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3
Q

alopecia areata

A

autoimmune disease in which hair falls out in round patches

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4
Q

atopic dermatitis

A

inflammation of skin (rash and intense itching) that tends to occur in patients with a family history of allergic reactions

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5
Q

bacterial analyses

A

samples of skin examined for presence of microorganisms

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6
Q

basal cell carcinoma

A

skin cancer arising from cells in the basal layer of the epidermis

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7
Q

bulla; bullae

A

large blister

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8
Q

burns

A

injuries to tissues caused by heat contact

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9
Q

callus

A

hard, thickened area of skin occurring in areas of the body exposed to friction or pressure

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10
Q

cellulitis

A

diffuse, acute inflammatory infection of the skin marked by local heat, redness, pain, and swelling

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11
Q

cicatrix

A

scar tissue

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12
Q

comedo; comedones

A

clogged hair follicle (pore) in the skin; blackhead (open comedo) or white (closed comedo)

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13
Q

crust

A

collection on the skin of dried sebum and cellular debris; scab

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14
Q

cryosurgery

A

use of subfreezing temperature to destroy tissue; cryocauterization

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15
Q

curettage

A

scraping of material from the skin or from the wall of a cavity

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16
Q

cyst

A

thick-walled, closed sac or pouch containing fluid or semisolid fluid

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17
Q

decubitus ulcer

A

inflammation, sore, or ulcer in the skin over a bony part of the body; pressure ulcer; bedsore

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18
Q

dysplastic nevi

A

abnormal moles with irregular borders, indistinct margins, and mixed coloration; often precursors of malignant melanomas

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19
Q

ecchymosis; ecchymoses

A

bleeding into the skin; a bruise

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20
Q

eczema

A

chronic dermatitis of unknown etiology, marked by redness, blisters, scales, and scabs; atopic dermatitis

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21
Q

electrodesiccation

A

destruction of tissue by burning with an electric spark

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22
Q

erosion

A

wearing away or loss of epidermis

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23
Q

exanthematous viral disease

A

rash (exanthem) of skin due to viral infection; measles (rubeola) and chicken pox (varicella) are examples

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24
Q

fissure

A

groove or crack-like sore

25
Q

fungal tests

A

scrapings from skin lesions, hair specimens, or nail clippings are sent to a laboratory for culture and microscopic identification of fungal infection

26
Q

gangrene

A

death of tissue associated with loss of blood supply

27
Q

impetigo

A

bacterial inflammatory skin disease characterized by vesicles, pustules, and crusted-over lesions

28
Q

kaposi sarcoma

A

malignant tumor of skin and connective tissue; associated with AIDS

29
Q

keloid

A

enlarged scar on the skin

30
Q

macule

A

flat, pigmented lesion on the skin measuring less than 1 cm in diameter; freckles, tattoo marks, and flat moles are examples

31
Q

malignant melanoma

A

cancerous skin growth composed of melanocytes

32
Q

mohs surgery

A

thin layers of malignant tissue are removed, and each slice is examined microscopically to check for adequate extent of the resection

33
Q

nevus; nevi

A

mole (pigmented lesion of the skin)

34
Q

nodule

A

solid, round or oval elevated lesion 1 cm or more in diameter

35
Q

papule

A

small (less than 1 cm in diameter), solid elevation of the skin; skin tags and pimples (as in acne) are examples

36
Q

petechia; petechiae

A

small pinpoint hemorrhage under the skin

37
Q

pilonidal cyst

A

abnormal sac containing hair and skin debris located near the tail bone

38
Q

pruritus

A

itching

39
Q

psoriasis

A

chronic, recurrent dermatosis marked by itchy, scaly, red plaques covered by silvery gray scales

40
Q

purpura

A

multiple pinpoint hemorrhages and accumulation of blood under the skin caused by deficiency of clotting cells (platelets)

41
Q

purulent

A

pus-filled; forming or containing pus

42
Q

pustule

A

small abscess (collection of pus) on the skin; a papule containing pus

43
Q

rubella

A

exanthemous viral disease; German measles

44
Q

rubeola

A

exanthemous viral disease; measles

45
Q

scabies

A

contagious, parasitic infection of the skin with intense pruritus (itching)

46
Q

scleroderma

A

chronic progressive disease of the skin and internal organs with hardening and shrinking of connective tissue

47
Q

skin biopsy

A

suspicious skin lesions are removed or sampled and examined microscopically by a pathologist

48
Q

skin test

A

substances are injected intradermally or applied to the skin, and results are observed

49
Q

squamous cell carcinoma

A

malignant tumor of the squamous epithelial cells in the epidermis

50
Q

systemic lupus erythematosis

A

chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease of collagen in skin, joints, and internal organs

51
Q

tinea

A

infection of the skin caused by a fungus; tinea corporis (ringworm) and tinea pedis (athlete’s foot) are examples

52
Q

ulcer

A

open sore on the skin or mucous membranes of the body

53
Q

urticaria

A

acute allergic reaction in which red, round wheals develop on the skin; hives

54
Q

varicella

A

exanthematous viral disease marked by itchy red rash (herpes zoster) that develops into blisters and pustules and then scabs; chicken pox

55
Q

verruca; verrucae

A

small benign growth (wart) in the skin; caused by a virus

56
Q

vesicle

A

small collection of clear fluid (serum); blister

57
Q

vitiligo

A

patches of white, unpigmented skin surrounded by areas of normal skin; leukoderma

58
Q

wheal

A

smooth, edematous (swollen): papule or plaque that is centrally redder than the surrounding skin; often accompanied by itching

Medical Terminology (42 decks)

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