Terms (Ch 20)

Question 1

types of blood tests

Answer 1

-complete blood count (CBC)
-basic/complete metabolic panel (BMP/CMP)

Question 2

complete blood count

Answer 2

-show the makeup of your blood components
-counts the number of: RBCs, WBCs, and platelets

Question 3

erythrocytes

Answer 3

red blood cells

Question 4

leukocytes

Answer 4

white blood cells

Question 5

thrombocytes

Answer 5

platelets

Question 6

basic/complete metabolic panel

Answer 6

-BMP is CBC+kidney
-CMP is CBC+kidney+liver
-indication of your kidney and liver function
-includes:
electrolytes (Na, K, Ca+)
kidney enzymes & function
liver enzymes & function

Question 7

urine tests

Answer 7

-measures:
pH
specific gravity (ability of kidneys to concentrate urine)
biliribuin (liver)
glucose
ketones (sugar breakdown)
protein
blood
bacteria
nitrite (byproduct of bacterial infection)
leukocytes

Question 8

urine culture

Answer 8

if bacteria is present, culture will specify the type of bacteria and outline which antibiotics it’s sensitive to for most effective treatment

Question 9

types of diagnostic imaging

Answer 9

-x-ray
-ultrasound
-CT scan
-MRI
-nuclear medicine scans

Question 10

-gram

Answer 10

record

Question 11

-graphy

Answer 11

process of recording

Question 12

-lucent

Answer 12

to shine

Question 13

-opaque

Answer 13

obsure

Question 14

scan

Answer 14

image of an area, organ, or tissue of body obtained by an imaging study

Question 15

x-ray

Answer 15

-2D view of bones and cartilage
-doesn’t show ligaments, tendons
-views obtained in certain positions
-common for limbs, chest, and abdominal

Question 16

radi/o

Answer 16

x-rays

Question 17

radiolucent

Answer 17

structures that appear dark or black in x-ray because beams were permitted to shine through

Question 18

radiopaque

Answer 18

structures that appear light or white in x-ray because beams weren’t allowed through from its density

Question 19

anteroposterior (AP)

Answer 19

x-ray beams shine from front to back

Question 20

posteroanterior (PA)

Answer 20

x-rays beams shine from back to front

Question 21

oblique

Answer 21

x-ray beams shine through a specific angled plane like transverse or frontal

Question 22

ultrasound/sonography

Answer 22

-image produced by sound waves/vibrations as they echo off body parts
-common ones: echocardiogram, pelvic ultrasound, transvaginal ultrasound

Question 23

son/o

Answer 23

sound

Question 24

echo-

Answer 24

a repeated sound

Question 25

ultra-

Answer 25

beyond

Question 26

CT scan

Answer 26

-computed tomography scan
-x-ray scan that works with a computer to give cross sectional images of a specific area
-3D x-ray that shows depth
-common for: head/brain, neck/cervical spine, spinal canal sections, chest, abdomen/pelvis, limbs
-can include the use of contrast material to better visualize certain structures like vessels (ex: barium for GI studies, iodine for angiography)

Question 27

MRI

Answer 27

-magnetic resonance imaging
-utilizes magnetic field and radio waves to produce views along planes of the body
-detailed image of the soft tissues

Question 28

nuclear medicine scans

Answer 28

-use of radioactive substances in the diagnosis of disease
-examples: PET, CT, bone scan, single-photon emission CT (SPECT), thyroid scan, thallium (TI) scan

Question 29

PET scan

Answer 29

-positron emission tomography
-uses small amounts of radioactive isotopes, a special camera, and a computer to evaluate organ/tissue function
-pictures outline cell metabolic functions (ex: a tumor would be highlighted)