Terms Flashcards
Echopraxia
involuntary imitation of another’s movements or gestures
Alogia
decreased production of speech
Avolition
diminished goal directed activity
Anhedonia
inability to feel pleasure or joy from life
Ansognosia
poor insight
Flat affect
restricted range of intensity of emotions
Agoraphobia
fear or being in a place or situation where one might not be able to escape
Ambivalence
a state of conflicting opposing ideas, attitudes, or emotions
Autonomy
capacity to make decisions and act on them
Battering
striking someone repeatedly with violent blows
Boundary crossing
A transient, brief excursion across a professional boundary. Action may be inadvertent, unconscious, or even purposeful and done to meet a certain therapeutic need
Boundary violation
situation resulting when there is confusion between the needs of the nurse and those of the pt. Allows nurse to meet his or her own needs rather than the pts
Classical conditioning
learned associative behavioural stimulus-response developed by Pavlov
Compassion fatigue
the emotional and physical burn-out that may interfere with caring
Competence
The degree to which a pt possesses the cognitive ability to understand and process information
Compulsion
Repetitive behaviours or mental acts that a person feels driven to do in response to an obsession
Confrontation
a technique used to help the patient take note of a behaviour and then examine it
Conservation
the ability to recognize that despite something changing shape, it maintains the characteristics that make it what it is (eg. clay)
Continuum of care
integrated system of settings, services, health care clinicians, and care levels spanning illness to wellness states
Countertransference
occurs when the hcp develops a positive or negative emotional response to the pt’s transference
Cultural competence
a set of congruent behaviours, attitudes, and policies that come together in a system, agency, or among professionals and enables that system, agency or those professionals to work effectively in multi-cultural situations with diverse social groups
Cultural congruence
distance between the cultural competence characteristics of health care organizations and the pts perception of those same competence characteristics as they relate to the pts cultural needs
DBT
a form of cognitive behavioural therapy that helps individuals take responsibility for their own behaviours and problems; teaches individuals how to cope with conflict, negative feelings, and impulsivity, thereby enhancing capabilities and improving motivation, leading to decreased negative behaviour
Enculturation
process by which a person learns the requirements of a culture by which he or her is surrounded, and acquired values and behaviours that are appropriate or necessary in that culture
Erotomanic
delusions that another person of higher stature is in love with you
Justice
ethical principle focusing on fair and equal tx
Kleptomania
recurrent failure to resist the impulse to steal
Lobbying
an action undertaken by an individual or group to influence the thinking and decision making of an elected official at any level of government
Mania
mental disturbances such as elevated mood, grandiosity, difficulty with attention span
Melancholia
term used by hippocrates to describe sad or dark moods noted in pt’s with depression
Milieu management
the provision and assurance of a therapeutic environment that promotes a healing experience for the pt
NMS
a syndrome here the pt displays muscle rigidity, high fever, unstable BP, diaphoresis, pallor, delirium, tachycardia, tachypnea, and rapid deterioration of mental status
Nonmalificence
ethical principal on causing no harm
Obesity
BMI greater than or equal to 30
Obsessions
recurrent and persistence thoughts, impulses, or images experienced at some time during the disturbance that are intrusive and inappropriate, causing marked anxiety or stress
Operant conditioning
addresses consequences and the modification of future behaviour based upon the reinforcement, punishment, or extinction associated with the consequence
Overweight
BMI greater than or equal to 25
Paraphilias
sexual disorders involving recurrent, intense sexual urges, fantasies, or behaviours involving unusual objects, activities, or situations
PICA
persistent eating of one or more nonnutritive substances for a period of at least one month
Polypharmacy
the use of multiple meds. Often happens with the elderly population.
Primary prevention
interventions that delay or avoid the onset of illness
Protective factors
characteristics, variables, or traits that guard against or buffer the effects of risk factors
Pyromania
fire-setting for pleasure and gratification
Quality of life
a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not the absence of disease or infirmity
Rapport
nursing actions that alleviate an ill person’s distress; a concern or active interest in others; an accepting, non-judgemental health care approach
Resilience
the process of adapting well int eh face of adversity, trauma, tragedy, threats, or even significant sources of stress
Risk factors
issues that increase an individuals chance for developing an illness
secondary prevention
interventions focusing on tx including identifying persons with disorders and standardizing tx for disorders
self-awareness
the process developing an understanding of ones own values, beliefs, thoughts, feelings, reactions, motivations, biases, strengths, and limitations and recognizing their effects on others
self-efficacy
the beliefs persons hold about their ability to accomplish something and about what the outcomes will be
Senile dementia
memory loss as a part of aging
Serotonin syndrome
a life-threatening situation due to an overactivity or serotonin or disruption I the neurotransmitter’s metabolism manifested by fever, sweating, agitation, tachycardia, hypotension, and hyperreflexia
Splitting
viewing reality in polarized categories
Tertiary prevention
interventions focusing on maintenance including decreasing relapse or recurrence, and providing rehabilitation
Transference
a psychodynamic term to describe the pt’s emotional response to the health care provider
Utilitarianism
ethical theory in which decisions should be based on producing the best outcome or the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people
Malingering
the deliberate creation of fake or overstated symptoms, motivated by incentive (eg.missing work or attaining meds)
- can be associated with antisocial personality disorder
Delirium
acute disruption in consciousness and cognitive function
Dementia
a group of conditions that involve multiple deficits in memory and cognition
