Labs

Question 1

RBC

Answer 1

If lower than normal; anemia may be present. This may lead insufficient supply of oxygen to the body. If above normal, Polycythemia Vera (overproduction of RBC’s, WBC’s, platelets and results in increased blood viscosity and platelet dysfunction (wouldn’t clot as well) may be present

Question 2

Normal range of RBC

Answer 2

M) 4.5-5.5 F) 4.9-5.0

Question 3

Symptoms of high levels of RBC:

Answer 3

dehydration, cigarette smoking, congenital heart disease, pulmonary fibrosis, renal call carcinoma, polycythemia vera

Question 4

Symptoms of low levels of RBC:

Answer 4

bleeding, anemia, malnutrition, overhydration, hemolysis, erythpoietin deficiency, leukaemia, multiple myeloma, porphyria, thalassemia (blood disease padded down by family), sickle cell anemia

Question 5

Hemoglobin (Hgb)

Answer 5

is the portion component of RBC, makes the blood look bright as it is made with iron. High levels are present in smokers and people living in high altitudes because it’s the bones compensatory mechanism in response to low supply of oxygen. Low hemoglobin may be present in a variety of disease like sickle cell anemia and thalassemia

Question 6

Symptoms of high level hgb

Answer 6

dehydration, cigarette smoking, polycythemia vera, tutors, erythropoietin abuse, lung disease and blood droping

Question 7

Symptoms of low level hgb

Answer 7

nutritional deficiencies, blood loss, renal problems, sickle cell anemia, bone marrow suppression, leukaemia, lead poisoning, Hodgkin’s lymphoma

Question 8

Hematocrit

Answer 8

also known as packed cell volume or PCV. Reflects the volume of RBC in the whole blood. Results are dependent on size, structure, and total # of RBC’s. Hematocrit is helpful in diagnosing blood disease, nutritional deficiencies and hydration status

Question 9

High level hematocrit

Answer 9

dehydration, hypoxia, cigarette smoking, polycythemia vera, tumors, erythropoietin abuse, lung disease, blood doping, erythcytosis, for purmonale

Question 10

Low levels hematocrit

Answer 10

over hydration, nutritional deficiencies, blood loss, bone marrow suppression, leukaemia, lead poisoning Hodgkin’s lymphoma, chemotherapy

Question 11

Platelet count

Answer 11

known as thrombocytes. They calculate in the bloodstream and bind together to form a clot over the damaged blood vessel. Determining platelet count is vital in assessing pt’s for tendencies of bleeding and thrombosis

Question 12

High platelet count

Answer 12

cancer, allergic reactions, polycythemia vera, recent spleen removal, chronic myelogenous leukaemia, inflammation, secondary thrombocytosis

Question 13

Low platelet count

Answer 13

viral injection, aplastic anemia, leukaemia, alcoholism, vit. b12, and folic acid deficiency, systemic lupus erythmatosus, hemolytic uremic condition, DIC, vasculitis, sepsis, splenic sequestration, cirrhosis

Question 14

WBC

Answer 14

also known as leukocytes which defend the body against infections and other foreign bodies. In general, there are five types of white blood cells - neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils.

Question 15

High levels of WBC’s

Answer 15

infection, smoking, leukaemia inflammatory disease, tissue damage, several physical or mental stress

Question 16

Low levels of WBC’s

Answer 16

autoimmune disorder, bone marrow deficiencies, viral disease, liver problems, spleen problems, lithium, several bacterial infections

Question 17

Renal panel

Answer 17

a group of tests that may be performed together to evaluate kidney (renal) function. The tests measure levels of various substances, including several minerals, electrolytes, proteins, and glucose (sugar), in the blood to determine the current status of the kidneys

Question 18

What does the renal panel consist of:

Answer 18

Potassium, Sodium, Calcium, Magnesium, Phosphorus, Blood era nitrogen, creatinine

Question 19

Liver panel

Answer 19

hepatic function panel is a group of 7 tests used to evaluate the liver of injury, infection, or inflammation. The liver plays important roles: it stores energy from food, makes proteins, and helps remove toxins. The liver also makes bile, a fluid that helps in digestion

Question 20

Liver panel includes:

Answer 20

Albumin, bilrubin, ammonia, alkaline phosphates, alanine aminotransferase

Question 21

Urinalysis

Answer 21

it cannot directly pinpoint the disease, often used as a supportive examination in dx illnesses. A standard Urinalysis involved 3 stages - visual examination, dipstick test and microscopic count

Question 22

Visual exam for UA

Answer 22

inspected for color, cloudiness and door. Urine is usually clear but it’s cooler may be affected by certain meds and food. If cloudiness and unpleasant door are present, there might be infection in the UT system

Question 23

What color of urine is normal

Answer 23

clear to dark