Terminology

Question 1

Epidemic

Answer 1

a widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a particular time.
“a flu epidemic”

Question 2

Pandemic

Answer 2

a widespread occurrence of an infectious disease over a whole country or the world at a particular time.

Question 3

Epidemiology

Answer 3

the study of how often diseases occur in different groups of people and why.

Question 4

Etiology

Answer 4

Cause or causes of disease

Question 5

Homeostasis

Answer 5

the ability of an organism to maintain the internal environment of the body within limits that allow it to survive.

Question 6

Iatrogenic

Answer 6

relating to illness caused by medical examination or treatment.
“drugs may cause side effects which can lead to iatrogenic disease”

Question 7

Idiopathic

Answer 7

arising spontaneously or from an obscure or unknown cause

Question 8

Incidence

Answer 8

the number of individuals who develop a specific disease or experience a specific health-related event during a particular time period (such as a month or year).

Question 9

Incubation period

Answer 9

time taken for an infection to develop after a person has been exposed to a disease-causing organism

Question 10

Insidious

Answer 10

insidious disease is any disease that comes on slowly and does not have obvious symptoms at first. The person is not aware of its development.

Question 11

Latent stage

Answer 11

the incubation period of an infectious disease, before symptoms appear.

Question 12

Mortality

Answer 12

Death

Question 13

Morbidities

Answer 13

Morbidity is the state of having a specific illness or condition. While morbidity can refer to an acute condition, such as a respiratory infection, it often refers to a condition that’s chronic (long-lasting). Some examples of common morbidities include: diabetes. high blood pressure (hypertension)

Question 14

Prevalence

Answer 14

the total number of individuals in a population who have a disease or health condition at a specific period of time, usually expressed as a percentage of the population.

Question 15

Prophylaxis

Answer 15

measures designed to preserve health

Question 16

Sequelae

Answer 16

a condition which is the consequence of a previous disease or injury.
“the long-term sequelae of infection”

Question 17

Sign

Answer 17

a sign refers to something others can observe or measure

Like: such as a skin rash or a cough, is a sign.

Question 18

Symptom

Answer 18

A symptom is a manifestation of disease apparent to the patient himself, while a sign is a manifestation of disease that the physician perceives

Question 19

Syndrome

Answer 19

a group of signs and symptoms that occur together and characterize a particular abnormality or condition.

Question 20

Dysplasia

Answer 20

Abnormality of development
See image

Question 21

Hyperplasia

Answer 21

Cells increase in number

Question 22

Ischemia

Answer 22

a condition in which blood flow (and thus oxygen) is restricted or reduced in a part of the body.

Question 23

Neoplasia

Answer 23

the presence or formation of new, abnormal growth of tissue.