Cardiac Disorders

Question 1

Difference between cyanotic and acyanotic heart disease ?

Answer 1

Cyanotic congenital heart disease: Cyanotic heart disease involves heart defects that reduce the amount of oxygen delivered to the rest of the body.

Acyanotic congenital heart disease: With this type of heart defect, blood contains enough oxygen, but it’s pumped throughout the body abnormally.

Question 2

What is an example of an acyanotic heart defect?

Answer 2

Atrial valve defects
Patent ductus arteriousus
Ventricular valve defects

Question 3

What’s the most common cyonotic congenital heart disease ?

Answer 3

Tetralogy of fallot & Pulmonary Atresia

Question 4

What’ is pulmonary atresia?

Answer 4

Pulmonary atresia is a birth defect of the heart where the valve that controls blood flow from the heart to the lungs doesn’t form at all. In babies with this defect, blood has trouble flowing to the lungs to pick up oxygen for the body.

Question 5

Congenital:
Name the 4 TROUBLE conditions and state which are more deadly

Are these right to left
Or left to right

Answer 5

TOF: tetralogy of fallow
TGA: transposition of the great vessels
Tricuspid atresia
Truncus arteriosus

Question 6

What’s the most common side effect of babies with a right to left heart shunt

Answer 6

Cyanosis

Question 7

Name the defects present in tetralogy of fallot!

Is this a cyanotic or acyanotic

Answer 7

Pulmonary stenosis
Overriding aorta
VSD
RVH

Cyanotic

Question 8

What condition is too many blood cells in the body ?

Answer 8

Polycythemia

Question 9

Babies or kids with congenital heart defects will feel more comfy doing what ?

Why

Answer 9

Squatting

Helps return blood back to lungs and reduce SOB

Question 10

From water gain what else can occur ?

Answer 10

Periorbital odema

Question 11

Rheumatic fever is a what type of condition

Hint: Acute…

Answer 11

Acute systemic inflammatory condition

Question 12

Fill the blank:

RF occurs a ________ after an untreated condition.

Few days
Few weeks
Few months

Answer 12

Few weeks

Question 13

What age is RF common in?

Answer 13

Children aged 5 - 15years

Question 14

The long term effect of RF is a condition called ___________ which can be complicated by _________ ________

Answer 14

Rheumatoid heart disease 🦠
Infective endocarditis

Question 15

Other sites of inflammation in patients can include ….

Answer 15

• Large joints
• Skin: non _________ rash
• Wrists, elbows, ankles
• Basal nuclei in brain of females that cause what ???

Pruritic rash known as erythema marginatum

Cause involuntary jerking movements

Question 16

Differentiated signs n symptoms of RF

Answer 16

Low grade fever
Leukocytosis
Malaise
Tachy & read
Anorexia n fatigue
Epistaxis & abdo pain

Question 17

Treatment for RF

Answer 17

Antibacterial agents like penicillin V - eradicates residual infection & prevents additional infection

Question 18

How many types of infective endocarditis

Answer 18

2

Question 19

The subcut type of infective endocarditis what’s attacked or invaded by organisms of low virulence ?

Answer 19

Defective heart valves

Question 20

The acute endocarditis is it the good or bad valves that are attacked ?

Answer 20

Good valves