Complications In Pregnacy n Flashcards
What changes would you expect to see on the cardio system ?
⬆️ ventricular wall mass
⬆️ myocardial contractility
Strike volume
⬆️HR - would NOT be noticible
⬆️Peripheral dilation
⬆️ cardiac output (in the first 8 wks by 20% and by 40% in 20-28wks)
_ reduced colloid inciting pressure (odema to legs (face,chest and neck is cause of concern - signs of pre-eclampsia)
What positions should we avoid to put pregnant women in?
Supine
Compression of vena cava reducing venous return and reduces CO the reduced uterine blood flow and placental blood flow
What sided would a paramedic displace the uterus in a cardiac arrest situation?
Left
What does PIH stand for ?
Pregnancy induced hypertension
Persistently high 140/90 at 20 wks and over
What can PIH (prengnancy induced Hypertension)
Can cause what to the blood vessels
Damage
PIH have a higher chance of developing what? In relation to cardiovascular stuff
Cardiac failiure and strokes
What changes to the respiratory system is shown ?
Think diaphragm
What is hyperemesis gravidarium?
Prolonged vomiting
What hormaome in present in pregnant women in the first few weeks of pregnancy and is known to be related to morning sickness?
Oestrogen
Progesterone
HgC
HgC
Issues with increased in progesterone which is a smooth muscle relaxant in pregnancy ?
There is an increase in blood volume. What percentage does plasma volume increase by ?
60%
50%
40%
80%
50
The plasma increase is greater than the RBC mass what symptoms can a lady have ?
Think anemia
SOB - indicates anemia
What’s the normal platelet count in a microliter of blood ?
150-450
170–450
120-450
160–450
190-450
150-450
In pregnant women the levels of platelets may drop to what : …
50-100
100-150
120-150
20-90
100-150
Thrombocytopenia is what
Drop in platelet number below 100 thousand
What can thrombocytopenia cause
What conditions are caused by low protein counts
Hint: 3 conditions
Pre-eclampsia
HELLP syndrome
ITP - idiopathic thrombocytic purpura
(ITP: rash shown on photo)
What’s folate important for the production of ?
🧬
DNA, RNA and metabolizes amino acids
Which vitamin can mask a deficiency of vitamin B9
Vit B……
Vitamin B12
What’s vitamin vb12 important for
Synthesis if what in which system ?
Synthesis of myelin that can effect the nervous system of feutus
What clotting factors are there an increase in there’s 3
Factor ll
Factor lll
Factor X
Factors Xl
Factor V
Factor Vll
Factor Vlll
Answer in photo shown including other things that are increased.
Important note since the fibrinogen this can mean ur pt 3 months post birth can have a risk of DVT etc
What happens in pre-eclampsia
High BP over 140/90
Kidney dysfunction
HELLP syndrome
Coagulation disorders
Signs and symptoms of pre-eclampsia
Headache !
Visual changes
Abdo / chest pain
Seizures
N&V
What’s the eclampsia in pre-eclampsia
The fits and seizures
Disseminated intravascular coagulation what is this ?
Secondary to pre-eclampsia where the placenta is a ruptured placenta
Ruptured placenta is caused by?
increased activated clotting mechanism
And causes blood clots
Increased risk of PEs, CVAs
More detailed:
there is widespread activation of the blood coagulation system leading to excessive generation and disseminated deposition of fibrin clots in small and midsize vessels, which alters the microcirculation leading to ischaemic necrosis in various organs …
Titles: Complicatuons of Ageing
Where is this present from ?
Birth
What is the period of senescence ?
What age range did it relate from
Child to adult
Adult to old
Old to death
Old to death
Title: Ageing complication
Why’s there an increasing aging population?
- Technological advances etc
- Healthier diets
Title: Ageing complication
What does apoptosis represent ?
Cell death
Title: ageing complications
Names the changes to the cardiovascular system
Title: Ageing complication
Respiratory changes
Calcification and muscle atrophy means the the ribs might not move as they used to !! (Rib expansion issues)
E,.g coughs won’t be effective and risk to aspiration pneumonia
See imagine
Title: Ageing complication
Name a few Nervous system changes
(1) how many grams does the brain weight decrease by?
175g
Title: Ageing complication
More changes to the nervous system ?
Neuro decline leads to slower thought processes etc
Myelin sheath damage: can be shown in patients who have issues with or more sensitive to temperatures e.g elderly man may have a few blankets and sheets in the summer
Neurofibril: provide structural suppr on nerve axon and in collaboration with artherosclerosis leads to organic brain syndrome (dementia & delirium)
