Term 1 Lesson 2: Stem Cells

Question 1

Name some specialised cells

Answer 1

• white blood cells
  -Red blood cells
• Nerve cell
  -Sperm cell
  -smooth muscle cell
  -cilliated epithelial cell

Question 2

White blood cell is a specialised cell. What is its purpose?

Answer 2

fight pathogens

Question 3

Red blood cell is a specialised cell. What is its purpose?

Answer 3

Carry oxygen around the body

Question 4

Nerve cells are specialised cell. What is their purpose?

Answer 4

carry messages around the body

Question 5

Sperm cells are specialised cell. What is their purpose?

Answer 5

delivers genetic material to the egg

Question 6

Smooth muscle cells are specialised cell. What is their purpose?

Answer 6

contracts to move food through the gut

Question 7

cilliated epithelial cells are specialised cells. What is their purpose?

Answer 7

moves things along the passage

Question 8

How are unspecialised cells made

Answer 8

By a process called mitosis

Question 9

What is the process called where stem cells turn into specialised cells?

Answer 9

differentiation

Question 10

There are 2 types of stem cells: What are they?

Answer 10

-embryonic stem cells
- adult stem cells.

Question 11

Where do Embryonic stem cells come from?

Answer 11

Embryos

Question 12

What are embryos?

Answer 12

humans in their early stages of life.

Question 13

Where are adult stem cells found?

Answer 13

different parts of the body e.g bone marrow and brain

Question 14

What is stem cell therapy?

Answer 14

When new specialised cells are made to replace dead ones.

Question 15

What conditions do stem cells treat?

Answer 15

-Leukaemia which is cancer of the bone marrow.

-type 1 diabetes

-parkinsons

Question 16

What does bone marrow contain?

Answer 16

red and white blood cells.

Leukaemia patients lose a lot of these
cells, so they need replacing.

Question 17

Explain how stem cells work?

Answer 17

• ## Taken from patients own bone marrow

Question 18

How can stem cells be used in medicine?

Answer 18

To grow new tissue and repair broken organs
It can treat autoimmune diseases like diabetes

Question 19

Define what a stem cell is?

Answer 19

Stem cells are unspecialised cells that can develop into other types of cell

Question 20

Differentiation

Answer 20

When stem cells become specialised of a cell

Question 21

A specialised cell is:

Answer 21

Particular features to make it good at its job

Question 22

Where do embryos come from

Answer 22

Ivf spares/aborted embryos

Question 23

What are the ethical issues/disadvantages with using embryos in stem cell therapy?

Answer 23

Killing a potential life

Question 24

What are the limitations of using adult stem cells

Answer 24

you have to find a willing tissue donor

Question 25

How can rejection in adult stem cells be avoided?

Answer 25

By having a tissue match

Question 26

Advantages of embryonic stem cells

Answer 26

• treat and cure disease
  -Learn about growth and development
  -stop animal/human testing
  -reduce long transplant lists as new organs can be grown
  -differentiate into specialised cells

Question 27

Advantages of adult stem cell therapy

Answer 27

• Treat and cure disease
  -Learn about growth and development
• Stop animal/human testing
  –reduce long transplant lists as new organs can be grown

Question 28

Disadvantages of adult stem cell therapy

Answer 28

-only certain areas produce stem cells
-not as efficient
-Stem cells only produce certain specialised cells