Term 1 Lesson 1: cells Flashcards
What are cells?
Building blocks of a human
What is tissue?
group of similar cells working together to perform a function.
Organ
What is it called when a collection of different tissues working together to perform a function?
What is a system?
Multiple organs working together.
Name some of the systems in the body?
-reproductive system
-cardiovascular system
-nervous system
- digestive system
- The muscular system
-Endocrine system
-The skeletal system
-Urinary system
- Respiratory system
What is an unspecialised cell?
When cells don’t perform a specific job
Can you name the organelles that are part of an unspecialised cell?
-Nucleus
-Mitrochondria
-Ribosomes
-Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
-Cell membrane
-Cytoplasm
Can you draw and label an animal cell
Nucleus
Contains genetic material that controls the activities of the cell.
Mitrochondria
Releases the energy stored by glucose for respiration.
Ribosomes
site of protein synthesis
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Network of membranes, covered in ribosomes, transport proteins and other materials around the cell.
Cell membrane
Selectively and partially permeable. Controls movement in and out of the cell.
Cytoplasm
Jelly like substance where chemical reactions take place.
Cells are very small. Name an instrument we could use to hep us see them?
Microscope
What are the two different types of microscopes?
light & electron
Which microscope is more powerful, a light or electron?
Electron
Typical magnification for electron microscopes
up to x 50,000
Typical magnification for light microscopes
x 400
Disadvantages of electron microscopes
- expensive
- large
- require training to use
- only dead specimens can be observed
Disadvantage of light microscopes
- limited resolution
- limited magnification
Advantages of light microscopes
- portable
- easy to use
- inexpensive
- observe dead and living organisms
Give two reasons for using a coverslip when looking at a slide under the microscope.
to keep specimen flat
- to retain liquid under it to prevent specimen drying out
What is an organelle?
A subcellular structure that fulfills a particular function
Why do cells need to be stained prior to microscopy?
- highlight different cellular structures
- highlight metabolic processes
- differentiate between living and dead cells
Wat structures/organelles can you see with an electron microscope but not a light microscope?
- endoplasmic Reticulum
- mitochondria
-ribosomes
