Temporal and Infratemporal Region

Question 1

what is the superior and posterior borders of the temporal fossa

Answer 1

superior and inferior temporal lines

Question 2

what is the anterior border of the temporal fossa

Answer 2

frontal process of zygomatic bone and zygomatic process of frontal bone

Question 3

what is the inferior border of the temporal fossa

Answer 3

infratemporal crest deep to zygomatic arch

Question 4

what is the floor of the temporal fossa

Answer 4

frontal, parietal, temporal and greater wing of sphenoid - aka PTERION

Question 5

describe the infratemporal fossa

Answer 5

an irregularly shaped space deep and inferior to zygomatic arch

Question 6

what is the lateral border of the infratemporal fossa

Answer 6

ramus of the mandible

Question 7

what is the medial border of the infratemporal fossa

Answer 7

lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone

Question 8

what is the anterior border of the infratemporal fossa

Answer 8

posterior aspect of maxilla

Question 9

what is the posterior border of the infratemporal fossa

Answer 9

tympanic plate, mastoid and styloid process

Question 10

what is the superior border of the infratemporal fossa

Answer 10

infratemporal crest of sphenoid bone

Question 11

what is the inferior border of the infratemporal fossa

Answer 11

angle of the mandible

Question 12

what muscles are found in the infratemporal fossa

Answer 12

inferior part of temporal muscle, and the lateral and medial pterygoids

Question 13

what blood vessels can be found in the infratemporal fossa

Answer 13

maxillary artery and pterygoid venous plexus

Question 14

what nerves can be found in the infratemporal fossa

Answer 14

mandibular, inferior alveolar, lingual, buccal and chorda typani nerves as well as otic ganglion

Question 15

what muscles does the maxillary artery pass between

Answer 15

the medial and lateral pterygoids

Question 16

what is the pterygomandibular space

Answer 16

part of the infratemporal fossa between the medial pterygoid and the mandible

Question 17

what is the pterygomandibular space filled with

Answer 17

fat and pterygoid venous plexus

Question 18

what is the clinical relevance of the pterygomandibular space to dentistry

Answer 18

when doing an IDB we aspirate to chack we’ve not hit any veins in the pterygoid venous plexus or the maxillary artery which is housed in here

Question 19

what is posterior to the pterygomandibular space clinically that is relevant to dentistry

Answer 19

the parotid gland, if the needle goes through this space and hits the parotid it can cause facial palsy

Question 20

where does the chorda tympani lie in relation to the maxillary artery

Answer 20

lies deep to the maxillary artery

Question 21

what is the otic ganglion

Answer 21

one of the para-sympathetic ganglia of the head and neck where presynaptic parasympathetic fibres of CN IX synapse

Question 22

presynaptic parasympathetic fibres of which cranial nerve synapse in the otic ganglion

Answer 22

CN IX

Question 23

where does the mandibular nerve arise from

Answer 23

the trigeminal ganglion in the middle cranial fossa

Question 24

where does the mandibular nerve exit

Answer 24

the foramen ovale

Question 25

what are the branches of the mandibular nerve

Answer 25

auriculotemproal nerve
inferior alveolar
lingual nerve
buccal nerve

Question 26

what gland receives secretomotor parasympathetic fibres from the auriculotemporal nerve

Answer 26

parotid gland

Question 27

what nerve encircles the middle meningeal artery

Answer 27

the auriculotemporal nerve

Question 28

what supplies sensory fibres to the TMJ

Answer 28

the auriculotemporal nerve

Question 29

what is the course of the IAN

Answer 29

enters the mandibular foramen and passes through mandibular canal, forming an inferior dental plexus to supply mandibular teeth

Question 30

what does the mental nerve supply

Answer 30

mental nerve passes through mental foramen and supplies skin of lower lip, chin and gingiva of mandibular incisors

Question 31

how does the lingual nerve lie in respect to the IAN

Answer 31

lies anterior to the IAN

Question 32

what does the lingual nerve supply

Answer 32

sensory innervation to anterior 2/3rds of tongue, floor of mouth and lingual gingivae

Question 33

where does the lingual nerve enter the mouth

Answer 33

between the medial pterygoid muscle and ramus of the mandible

Question 34

what are the three mains part of the maxillary artery

Answer 34

mandibular
pterygoid
pterygopalatine

Question 35

what is the larger terminal branch of the external carotid artery

Answer 35

maxillary artery

Question 36

what branch of the maxillary artery does the inferior alveolar artery and middle meningeal artery come from

Answer 36

mandibular branch

Question 37

what main branches arise from the pterygoid branch of the maxillary artery

Answer 37

masseteric artery
buccal artery

Question 38

what main branches arise from the pterygopalatine branch of maxillary artery

Answer 38

posterior superior alveolar artery
infra orbital artery
descending palatine artery

Question 39

where is the pterygoid venous plexus located

Answer 39

partly between the temporalis and pterygoid muscles

Question 40

what does the pterygoid venous plexus anastomose with

Answer 40

the facial vein via the deep facial vein and the cavernous sinus via emissary veins

Question 41

what is in the pterygoid venous plexus

Answer 41

most of the veins that accompany maxillary artery