Parotid Region and Facial Nerve Flashcards
what is the parotid gland enclosed in
parotid sheath
what structure does the parotid duct pierce
the buccinator
what are the three structures that pass through the parotid gland
retromandibular vein
external carotid artery
CN VII
what is the arterial supply of the parotid gland
the branches of ECA that run through it (posterior auricular, maxillary and superficial temporal)
what is the venous drainage of the parotid gland
maxillary and superficial temporal veins that join to give the retromandibular vein
what is the parasympathetic innervation of the parotid gland
preganglionic fibres (CN IX via tympanic nerve and lesser petrosal) - octic gnaglion - auriculotemporal nerve
what does sympathetic innervation of the parotid gland result in
vasoconstriction and reduction in saliva
what portion of the facial nerve is classed as the intratemporal portion
from where it exits the pons to where it exits the skull
what occurs before the facial nerve exits the skull
it gives off two branches - nerve to the stapedius and the chorda tympani
where does the facial nerve exit the skull
stylomastoid foramen
what is the extratemporal portion of the temporal nerve classed as
where it exits the skull at the styloid foramen
what 2 branches are given off of the facial nerve before the nerve enters the parotid gland
posterior auricular
digastric
what are the branches of the facial nerve when it enters the parotid gland
temporal
zygomatic
buccal
marginal mandibular
cervical
what is the most common type of facial paralysis
bells palsy
what can you do after 2 years of paralysis from bells palsy
surgery for facial reconstruction - static reconstruction
parotid tumours are usually benign but what can be affected during procedures to remove them
facial nerve
where does the great auricular nerve arise from
ventral rami of the second and third cervical spinal nerves
where does the great auricular nerve innervate
skin over parotid region, angle of mandible, mastoid process and auricle
what can a great auricular nerve graft be used for
a graft for the facial nerve
what is a clinical consideration for the parotid gland
mumps - a viral infection that has symptoms of general fever, headache and joint pain, swelling of parotid gland
why is swelling of the parotid gland so painful
parotid gland is contained within the fibrous capsule
