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Head and Neck Anatomy BDS3 > Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinuses > Flashcards

Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinuses Flashcards

1
Q

what are the nasal cavities separated by

A

the nasal septum

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2
Q

what are the anterior apertures of the nasal cavity

A

nares

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3
Q

what are the posterior apertures of the nasal cavity

A

the choanae

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4
Q

what cartilage is involved in the external nose

A

septal cartilage
major and minor alar cartilage

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5
Q

what three muscles overly the bone and cartilage of the nose

A

nasalis
depressor septi nasi
levator labii superioris alaeque nasi

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6
Q

what is the function of the depressor septi nasi

A

draws alae down to make nostrils smaller

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7
Q

what is the function of the levator labii superioris alaeque nasi

A

lifts superior lips and alae

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8
Q

what two bones make up the external nose

A

nasal bones and the frontal processes of maxillae

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9
Q

what is the piriform aperture

A

a pear like aperture you can see in the bony part of the septum

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10
Q

what two bones form the floor of the hard palate

A

palatine process of maxillae
horizontal plate of palatine bones

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11
Q

what are the incisive canals

A

the connection between nasal and oral cavities

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12
Q

what does the incisive canals contain

A

contains the nasopalatine nerve and greater palatine artery

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13
Q

what is the nasal crest

A

a ridge formed at the connection of the paired maxillae and palatine bones

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14
Q

what is the nasal crest an attachment for

A

the vomer of the nasal septum

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15
Q

what are the three main components of the medial wall of nasal cavity (septum)

A

septal cartilage
perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone ‘
vomer

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16
Q

what is septal deviation

A

septum is displaced from the midline

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17
Q

what is the highest point of the nasal cavity formed by

A

cribiform plate of ethmoid bone

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18
Q

what feature does the cribiform plate have to allow passage of olfactory nerves

A

many hole to allow the nerves to pass from the olfactory bulb

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19
Q

what are the bones that make up the roof of the nose

A

nasal bones
nasal spine of frontal bone
sphenoid bone

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20
Q

what are the 7 bones that form the lateral wall of nasal cavity

A

nasal
ethmoid
lacrimal
maxilla
inferior concha
palatine
sphenoid

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21
Q

what are the three main structures of the ethmoid bone

A

left and right ethmoidal labyrinth
midline perpendicular and cribiform plate

22
Q

what two conchae are projected into the nasal cavity from the ethmoidal labyrinth

A

the superior and middle conchae

23
Q

what are the three conchae of the lateral nasal cavity

A

superior
middle
inferior

24
Q

what lies underneath the conchae

A

the corresponding meatus

25
Q

what is the space between the roof of the nasal cavity and the superior nasal concha termed

A

the spheno-ethmoidal recess

26
Q

what is the purpose of the conchae and maetuses

A

creates various air systems and increasses surface area between the lateral wall of the nasal cavity and respired air

27
Q

what three nerves are involved in the innervation of the nasal cavity

A

olfactory nerve (CN I)
ophthalmic nerve branches (CN V1)
maxillary nerve branches (CN V2)

28
Q

what branches of the ophthalmic nerve are involved in innervation of the nasal cavity

A

anterior ethmoidal

29
Q

what branches of the maxillary nerve are involved in the innervation of the nasal cavity

A

anterior superior alveolar (nasal branch)
infraorbital (nasal branch)
nasopalatine
lateral nasal nerves

30
Q

what does the anterior ethmoidal nerve supply

A

external nose

31
Q

how does the parasympathetic supply of the nasal cavity emerge

A

the greater petrosal nerve travels from salvatory nucleus to pterygopalatine ganglion where post ganglionic fibres are carried by the maxillary nerve

32
Q

how does the sympathetic nerve supply to the nasal cavity emerge

A

from the sympathetic trunk - travels in the internal carotid plexus and travel to pterygopalatine fossa via deep petrosal nerves
postganglionic fibres carried in the maxillary nerve also

33
Q

what petrosal nerve is associated with parasympathetic supply of the nasal cavity

A

greater petrosal nerve

34
Q

what petrosal nerve is associated with sympathetic supply of the nasal cavity

A

deep petrosal nerve

35
Q

what branches of the external carotid artery are involved in arterial supply of the nasal cavity

A

maxillary artery
- sphenopalatine
- greater palatine

36
Q

what branches of the internal carotid artery

A

anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries

37
Q

what branches of the facial artery supply the nasal cavity

A

superior labial
lateral nasal

38
Q

why do nosebleeds commonly occur in the anterior septal region

A

the anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries form many anastomoses

39
Q

where do veins that follow the arteries of the maxillary artery (sphenopalatine and greater palatine) drain

A

pterygoid plexus

40
Q

where do veins that follow the facial artery drain

A

into the facial vein which joins the retromandibular vein

41
Q

where do veins that follow the ethmoidal arteries drain into

A

ophthalmic vein and then into cavernous sinus

42
Q

what are paranasal sinuses

A

hollow cavities in bones in the skull lined with respiratory epithelium and open into nasal cavity

43
Q

what are the four bones that paranasal sinuses are found in

A

frontal
ethmoidal
sphenoid
maxillary

44
Q

where are the ethmoidal air cells

A

the ethmoidal labyrinth

45
Q

where do anterior ethmoidal cells drain into

A

infundibulumin middle meatus

46
Q

where does the middle ethmoidal air cells drain into

A

middle meatus at ethmoidal bulla

47
Q

where do the posterior cells drain into

A

superior meatus

48
Q

where does the maxillary artery drain into

A

middle meatus at infundibulum at semilunar hiatus

49
Q

where does the frontal sinus drain into

A

middle meatus at the infundibulu,

50
Q

where does the sphenoid sinus drain into

A

sphenoethmoidal recess

51
Q

why could toothache present in the maxillary sinus also

A

the superior alveolar nerve innervates both the mucous membrane of maxillary sinus and the maxillary teeth

52
Q

what is the term when there is an opening and communication from the oral cavity to the sinus o

A

oro-antral communication

Head and Neck Anatomy BDS3 (22 decks)

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