Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinuses Flashcards
what are the nasal cavities separated by
the nasal septum
what are the anterior apertures of the nasal cavity
nares
what are the posterior apertures of the nasal cavity
the choanae
what cartilage is involved in the external nose
septal cartilage
major and minor alar cartilage
what three muscles overly the bone and cartilage of the nose
nasalis
depressor septi nasi
levator labii superioris alaeque nasi
what is the function of the depressor septi nasi
draws alae down to make nostrils smaller
what is the function of the levator labii superioris alaeque nasi
lifts superior lips and alae
what two bones make up the external nose
nasal bones and the frontal processes of maxillae
what is the piriform aperture
a pear like aperture you can see in the bony part of the septum
what two bones form the floor of the hard palate
palatine process of maxillae
horizontal plate of palatine bones
what are the incisive canals
the connection between nasal and oral cavities
what does the incisive canals contain
contains the nasopalatine nerve and greater palatine artery
what is the nasal crest
a ridge formed at the connection of the paired maxillae and palatine bones
what is the nasal crest an attachment for
the vomer of the nasal septum
what are the three main components of the medial wall of nasal cavity (septum)
septal cartilage
perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone ‘
vomer
what is septal deviation
septum is displaced from the midline
what is the highest point of the nasal cavity formed by
cribiform plate of ethmoid bone
what feature does the cribiform plate have to allow passage of olfactory nerves
many hole to allow the nerves to pass from the olfactory bulb
what are the bones that make up the roof of the nose
nasal bones
nasal spine of frontal bone
sphenoid bone
what are the 7 bones that form the lateral wall of nasal cavity
nasal
ethmoid
lacrimal
maxilla
inferior concha
palatine
sphenoid
what are the three main structures of the ethmoid bone
left and right ethmoidal labyrinth
midline perpendicular and cribiform plate
what two conchae are projected into the nasal cavity from the ethmoidal labyrinth
the superior and middle conchae
what are the three conchae of the lateral nasal cavity
superior
middle
inferior
what lies underneath the conchae
the corresponding meatus
what is the space between the roof of the nasal cavity and the superior nasal concha termed
the spheno-ethmoidal recess
what is the purpose of the conchae and maetuses
creates various air systems and increasses surface area between the lateral wall of the nasal cavity and respired air
what three nerves are involved in the innervation of the nasal cavity
olfactory nerve (CN I)
ophthalmic nerve branches (CN V1)
maxillary nerve branches (CN V2)
what branches of the ophthalmic nerve are involved in innervation of the nasal cavity
anterior ethmoidal
what branches of the maxillary nerve are involved in the innervation of the nasal cavity
anterior superior alveolar (nasal branch)
infraorbital (nasal branch)
nasopalatine
lateral nasal nerves
what does the anterior ethmoidal nerve supply
external nose
how does the parasympathetic supply of the nasal cavity emerge
the greater petrosal nerve travels from salvatory nucleus to pterygopalatine ganglion where post ganglionic fibres are carried by the maxillary nerve
how does the sympathetic nerve supply to the nasal cavity emerge
from the sympathetic trunk - travels in the internal carotid plexus and travel to pterygopalatine fossa via deep petrosal nerves
postganglionic fibres carried in the maxillary nerve also
what petrosal nerve is associated with parasympathetic supply of the nasal cavity
greater petrosal nerve
what petrosal nerve is associated with sympathetic supply of the nasal cavity
deep petrosal nerve
what branches of the external carotid artery are involved in arterial supply of the nasal cavity
maxillary artery
- sphenopalatine
- greater palatine
what branches of the internal carotid artery
anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries
what branches of the facial artery supply the nasal cavity
superior labial
lateral nasal
why do nosebleeds commonly occur in the anterior septal region
the anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries form many anastomoses
where do veins that follow the arteries of the maxillary artery (sphenopalatine and greater palatine) drain
pterygoid plexus
where do veins that follow the facial artery drain
into the facial vein which joins the retromandibular vein
where do veins that follow the ethmoidal arteries drain into
ophthalmic vein and then into cavernous sinus
what are paranasal sinuses
hollow cavities in bones in the skull lined with respiratory epithelium and open into nasal cavity
what are the four bones that paranasal sinuses are found in
frontal
ethmoidal
sphenoid
maxillary
where are the ethmoidal air cells
the ethmoidal labyrinth
where do anterior ethmoidal cells drain into
infundibulumin middle meatus
where does the middle ethmoidal air cells drain into
middle meatus at ethmoidal bulla
where do the posterior cells drain into
superior meatus
where does the maxillary artery drain into
middle meatus at infundibulum at semilunar hiatus
where does the frontal sinus drain into
middle meatus at the infundibulu,
where does the sphenoid sinus drain into
sphenoethmoidal recess
why could toothache present in the maxillary sinus also
the superior alveolar nerve innervates both the mucous membrane of maxillary sinus and the maxillary teeth
what is the term when there is an opening and communication from the oral cavity to the sinus o
oro-antral communication
