Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinuses

Question 1

what are the nasal cavities separated by

Answer 1

the nasal septum

Question 2

what are the anterior apertures of the nasal cavity

Answer 2

nares

Question 3

what are the posterior apertures of the nasal cavity

Answer 3

the choanae

Question 4

what cartilage is involved in the external nose

Answer 4

septal cartilage
major and minor alar cartilage

Question 5

what three muscles overly the bone and cartilage of the nose

Answer 5

nasalis
depressor septi nasi
levator labii superioris alaeque nasi

Question 6

what is the function of the depressor septi nasi

Answer 6

draws alae down to make nostrils smaller

Question 7

what is the function of the levator labii superioris alaeque nasi

Answer 7

lifts superior lips and alae

Question 8

what two bones make up the external nose

Answer 8

nasal bones and the frontal processes of maxillae

Question 9

what is the piriform aperture

Answer 9

a pear like aperture you can see in the bony part of the septum

Question 10

what two bones form the floor of the hard palate

Answer 10

palatine process of maxillae
horizontal plate of palatine bones

Question 11

what are the incisive canals

Answer 11

the connection between nasal and oral cavities

Question 12

what does the incisive canals contain

Answer 12

contains the nasopalatine nerve and greater palatine artery

Question 13

what is the nasal crest

Answer 13

a ridge formed at the connection of the paired maxillae and palatine bones

Question 14

what is the nasal crest an attachment for

Answer 14

the vomer of the nasal septum

Question 15

what are the three main components of the medial wall of nasal cavity (septum)

Answer 15

septal cartilage
perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone ‘
vomer

Question 16

what is septal deviation

Answer 16

septum is displaced from the midline

Question 17

what is the highest point of the nasal cavity formed by

Answer 17

cribiform plate of ethmoid bone

Question 18

what feature does the cribiform plate have to allow passage of olfactory nerves

Answer 18

many hole to allow the nerves to pass from the olfactory bulb

Question 19

what are the bones that make up the roof of the nose

Answer 19

nasal bones
nasal spine of frontal bone
sphenoid bone

Question 20

what are the 7 bones that form the lateral wall of nasal cavity

Answer 20

nasal
ethmoid
lacrimal
maxilla
inferior concha
palatine
sphenoid

Question 21

what are the three main structures of the ethmoid bone

Answer 21

left and right ethmoidal labyrinth
midline perpendicular and cribiform plate

Question 22

what two conchae are projected into the nasal cavity from the ethmoidal labyrinth

Answer 22

the superior and middle conchae

Question 23

what are the three conchae of the lateral nasal cavity

Answer 23

superior
middle
inferior

Question 24

what lies underneath the conchae

Answer 24

the corresponding meatus

Question 25

what is the space between the roof of the nasal cavity and the superior nasal concha termed

Answer 25

the spheno-ethmoidal recess

Question 26

what is the purpose of the conchae and maetuses

Answer 26

creates various air systems and increasses surface area between the lateral wall of the nasal cavity and respired air

Question 27

what three nerves are involved in the innervation of the nasal cavity

Answer 27

olfactory nerve (CN I) ophthalmic nerve branches (CN V1) maxillary nerve branches (CN V2)

Question 28

what branches of the ophthalmic nerve are involved in innervation of the nasal cavity

Answer 28

anterior ethmoidal

Question 29

what branches of the maxillary nerve are involved in the innervation of the nasal cavity

Answer 29

anterior superior alveolar (nasal branch) infraorbital (nasal branch) nasopalatine lateral nasal nerves

Question 30

what does the anterior ethmoidal nerve supply

Answer 30

external nose

Question 31

how does the parasympathetic supply of the nasal cavity emerge

Answer 31

the greater petrosal nerve travels from salvatory nucleus to pterygopalatine ganglion where post ganglionic fibres are carried by the maxillary nerve

Question 32

how does the sympathetic nerve supply to the nasal cavity emerge

Answer 32

from the sympathetic trunk - travels in the internal carotid plexus and travel to pterygopalatine fossa via deep petrosal nerves postganglionic fibres carried in the maxillary nerve also

Question 33

what petrosal nerve is associated with parasympathetic supply of the nasal cavity

Answer 33

greater petrosal nerve

Question 34

what petrosal nerve is associated with sympathetic supply of the nasal cavity

Answer 34

deep petrosal nerve

Question 35

what branches of the external carotid artery are involved in arterial supply of the nasal cavity

Answer 35

maxillary artery - sphenopalatine - greater palatine

Question 36

what branches of the internal carotid artery

Answer 36

anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries

Question 37

what branches of the facial artery supply the nasal cavity

Answer 37

superior labial lateral nasal

Question 38

why do nosebleeds commonly occur in the anterior septal region

Answer 38

the anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries form many anastomoses

Question 39

where do veins that follow the arteries of the maxillary artery (sphenopalatine and greater palatine) drain

Answer 39

pterygoid plexus

Question 40

where do veins that follow the facial artery drain

Answer 40

into the facial vein which joins the retromandibular vein

Question 41

where do veins that follow the ethmoidal arteries drain into

Answer 41

ophthalmic vein and then into cavernous sinus

Question 42

what are paranasal sinuses

Answer 42

hollow cavities in bones in the skull lined with respiratory epithelium and open into nasal cavity

Question 43

what are the four bones that paranasal sinuses are found in

Answer 43

frontal ethmoidal sphenoid maxillary

Question 44

where are the ethmoidal air cells

Answer 44

the ethmoidal labyrinth

Question 45

where do anterior ethmoidal cells drain into

Answer 45

infundibulumin middle meatus

Question 46

where does the middle ethmoidal air cells drain into

Answer 46

middle meatus at ethmoidal bulla

Question 47

where do the posterior cells drain into

Answer 47

superior meatus

Question 48

where does the maxillary artery drain into

Answer 48

middle meatus at infundibulum at semilunar hiatus

Question 49

where does the frontal sinus drain into

Answer 49

middle meatus at the infundibulu,

Question 50

where does the sphenoid sinus drain into

Answer 50

sphenoethmoidal recess

Question 51

why could toothache present in the maxillary sinus also

Answer 51

the superior alveolar nerve innervates both the mucous membrane of maxillary sinus and the maxillary teeth

Question 52

what is the term when there is an opening and communication from the oral cavity to the sinus o

Answer 52

oro-antral communication