Anterior Triangle of the Neck (2) Flashcards
what does the carotid triangle contain
thyroid gland, pharynx, carotid sheath, branches of cervical plexus, superior root of ansa cervicalis and deep cervical lymph nodes
what two cranial nerves have parts that can be found in the carotid triangle
CN XI and XII
where does the carotid sheath run from
the foramen of carotid canal to aortic arch
where does the right common carotid artery arise from
brachiocephalic trunk
where does the left common carotid artery arise from
directly from the aorta
where does the external carotid artery travel to
enters the carotid canal and supplies the anterior cranium
where does the internal carotid artery travel to
has no branches in the head and neck - it goes straight to the brain
where does the common carotid artery bifurcate
C3/ C4
where is the carotid sinus situated
at the bifurcation of the common carotid artery
what is the purpose of the carotid sinus
monitors blood pressure as the baroreceptors are sensitive to stretch
what is the carotid sinus innervated by
CN IX via the carotid sinus nerve and CN X
where is the carotid body situated
in the bifuraction of the common carotid artery
what is the purpose of the carotid body
has chemoreceptors that monitor blood O2 and CO2 and pH
what innervates the carotid body
CN IX via carotid sinus nerve and CN X
what are the branches of the external carotid artery
superior thyroid
ascending pharyngeal
occipital
lingual
facial
posterior auricular
superficial temporal
maxillary
what are the terminal branches of the external carotid artery
superficial temporal and maxillary arteries
what artery supplies most of the scalp and face
external carotid artery
what structures does the IJV drain from
brain, skull, face and parts of neck
what is the IJV a continuation of
the sigmoid sinus
how does the IJV exit the skull
via the jugular foramen and enters the carotid sheath
what does the internal jugular vein run parallel to
common carotid artery
what veins drain into the IJV
inferior petrosal sinus
pharyngeal
occipital
facial
lingual
superior thyroid
middle thyroid
what is the inferior petrosal sinus a continuation of
cavernous sinus
what is the purpose of the inferior bulb and valve of IJV
prevent backflow of blood into the vein if there is an increase in thoracic pressure
where does the external jugular vein begin
angle of the mandible and joins the retromandibular and posterior auricular veins
where does the posterior auricular vein arise from
from the scalp behind the ear
where does the retromandibular vein arise from
superficial temporal and maxillary veins
what veins drain into the EJV
posterior external jugular
transverse cervical
suprascapular
anterior jugular
what does the EJV run superficially to
SCM
what can the EJV be covered by
platysma
what is the jugular venous arch
anterior jugular veins communicating across the midline
what is the platysma muscle innervated by
cervical branch of CN VII
what innervates the digastric muscle
the digastric branch of CN VII
what supplies the stylohyoid muscle
CN VII
where does the CN IX exit from
the jugular foramen and travles down between IJV and ICA
where does CN X exit from
the jugular foramen and travels downward in the carotid sheath
what nerve passes over the aorta
left recurrent laryngeal nerve
where do the recurrent laryngeal nerves arise
inferiorly near to the subclavian artery (R) or arch of aorta (L)
where does CN XI exit
jugular foramen
where does the CN XI cross
lateral surface of IJV and descends to posterior triangle of the neck
where does CN XII exit
the hypoglossal canal
what is CN XII situated between
IJV and ICA
what does CN XII cross laterally on the way to the oral cavity
ICA and ECA
what does the transverse cervical nerve innervate
cutaneous innervation over SCM and anterior triangle
where does the transverse cervical nerve arise from
anterior rami of C2 and C3
what are the infrahyoid muscles innervated by
ansa cervicalis and cervical plexus
apart from infrahyoid muscles, what other structures are innervated by the cervical plexus
diaphragm and skin of anterior/ lateral neck
at what cervical level does the brachial plexus arise from
C5 - T1
