Anterior Triangle of the Neck (2)

Question 1

what does the carotid triangle contain

Answer 1

thyroid gland, pharynx, carotid sheath, branches of cervical plexus, superior root of ansa cervicalis and deep cervical lymph nodes

Question 2

what two cranial nerves have parts that can be found in the carotid triangle

Answer 2

CN XI and XII

Question 3

where does the carotid sheath run from

Answer 3

the foramen of carotid canal to aortic arch

Question 4

where does the right common carotid artery arise from

Answer 4

brachiocephalic trunk

Question 5

where does the left common carotid artery arise from

Answer 5

directly from the aorta

Question 6

where does the external carotid artery travel to

Answer 6

enters the carotid canal and supplies the anterior cranium

Question 7

where does the internal carotid artery travel to

Answer 7

has no branches in the head and neck - it goes straight to the brain

Question 8

where does the common carotid artery bifurcate

Answer 8

C3/ C4

Question 9

where is the carotid sinus situated

Answer 9

at the bifurcation of the common carotid artery

Question 10

what is the purpose of the carotid sinus

Answer 10

monitors blood pressure as the baroreceptors are sensitive to stretch

Question 11

what is the carotid sinus innervated by

Answer 11

CN IX via the carotid sinus nerve and CN X

Question 12

where is the carotid body situated

Answer 12

in the bifuraction of the common carotid artery

Question 13

what is the purpose of the carotid body

Answer 13

has chemoreceptors that monitor blood O2 and CO2 and pH

Question 14

what innervates the carotid body

Answer 14

CN IX via carotid sinus nerve and CN X

Question 15

what are the branches of the external carotid artery

Answer 15

superior thyroid
ascending pharyngeal
occipital
lingual
facial
posterior auricular
superficial temporal
maxillary

Question 16

what are the terminal branches of the external carotid artery

Answer 16

superficial temporal and maxillary arteries

Question 17

what artery supplies most of the scalp and face

Answer 17

external carotid artery

Question 18

what structures does the IJV drain from

Answer 18

brain, skull, face and parts of neck

Question 19

what is the IJV a continuation of

Answer 19

the sigmoid sinus

Question 20

how does the IJV exit the skull

Answer 20

via the jugular foramen and enters the carotid sheath

Question 21

what does the internal jugular vein run parallel to

Answer 21

common carotid artery

Question 22

what veins drain into the IJV

Answer 22

inferior petrosal sinus
pharyngeal
occipital
facial
lingual
superior thyroid
middle thyroid

Question 23

what is the inferior petrosal sinus a continuation of

Answer 23

cavernous sinus

Question 24

what is the purpose of the inferior bulb and valve of IJV

Answer 24

prevent backflow of blood into the vein if there is an increase in thoracic pressure

Question 25

where does the external jugular vein begin

Answer 25

angle of the mandible and joins the retromandibular and posterior auricular veins

Question 26

where does the posterior auricular vein arise from

Answer 26

from the scalp behind the ear

Question 27

where does the retromandibular vein arise from

Answer 27

superficial temporal and maxillary veins

Question 28

what veins drain into the EJV

Answer 28

posterior external jugular transverse cervical suprascapular anterior jugular

Question 29

what does the EJV run superficially to

Answer 29

SCM

Question 30

what can the EJV be covered by

Answer 30

platysma

Question 31

what is the jugular venous arch

Answer 31

anterior jugular veins communicating across the midline

Question 32

what is the platysma muscle innervated by

Answer 32

cervical branch of CN VII

Question 33

what innervates the digastric muscle

Answer 33

the digastric branch of CN VII

Question 34

what supplies the stylohyoid muscle

Answer 34

CN VII

Question 35

where does the CN IX exit from

Answer 35

the jugular foramen and travles down between IJV and ICA

Question 36

where does CN X exit from

Answer 36

the jugular foramen and travels downward in the carotid sheath

Question 37

what nerve passes over the aorta

Answer 37

left recurrent laryngeal nerve

Question 38

where do the recurrent laryngeal nerves arise

Answer 38

inferiorly near to the subclavian artery (R) or arch of aorta (L)

Question 39

where does CN XI exit

Answer 39

jugular foramen

Question 40

where does the CN XI cross

Answer 40

lateral surface of IJV and descends to posterior triangle of the neck

Question 41

where does CN XII exit

Answer 41

the hypoglossal canal

Question 42

what is CN XII situated between

Answer 42

IJV and ICA

Question 43

what does CN XII cross laterally on the way to the oral cavity

Answer 43

ICA and ECA

Question 44

what does the transverse cervical nerve innervate

Answer 44

cutaneous innervation over SCM and anterior triangle

Question 45

where does the transverse cervical nerve arise from

Answer 45

anterior rami of C2 and C3

Question 46

what are the infrahyoid muscles innervated by

Answer 46

ansa cervicalis and cervical plexus

Question 47

apart from infrahyoid muscles, what other structures are innervated by the cervical plexus

Answer 47

diaphragm and skin of anterior/ lateral neck

Question 48

at what cervical level does the brachial plexus arise from

Answer 48

C5 - T1