Blood Supply and Venous Drainage to the Brain Flashcards
what arteries that supply the brain arise from the internal carotid artery
anterior cerebral
middle cerebral
ophthalmic
what arteries that supply the brain arise from the vertebral artery
posterior cerebral artery
basilar artery
what arteries that supply the brain arise from the external carotid artery
middle meningeal artery (via maxillary)
occipital artery
ascending pharyngeal artery
how does the vertebral artery enter the cranial cavity
via the foramen magnum
what are the arteries that make up the circle of willis
posterior cerebral arteries
posterior communicating arteries
middle cerebral arteries
anterior cerebral arteries
anterior communicating arteries
what do the vertebral arteries on either side of the body join to form
basilar artery
what area does the basilar artery overly
the pons
what arteries supply the internal capsule
the lenticular straid arteries
what area of the brain does the anterior cerebral artery supply
where nerves to lower limbs are innervated and personality (prefrontal cortex)
what area of the brain does the middle cerebral artery supply
Broca’s and Wiernicke’s area are
what are of the brain does the posterior cerebral artery supply
where vision is
what effects would you expect from an anterior cerebral artery occlusion
collateral circulation (ie communicating arteries) are usually sufficient to preserve circulation
what effects would you expect from an occlusion of the anterior communicating artery
contralateral hemiparesis and hemisensory involving leg and foot and an inability to identify objects correctly and some personality changes
what effects would you expect from a middle cerebral artery occlusion
aphasia if left hemisphere is affected
contralateral hemiparesis and hemisensory loss to the face and arm (precentral and postcentral gyrus)
what effects would you expect from a middle cerebral artery occlusion
aphasia if left hemisphere is affected
contralateral hemiparesis and hemisensory loss to the face and arm (precentral and postcentral gyrus)
what effects would you expect to see from a posterior cerebral artery occlusion
visual agnosia
impairment of memory
what allows for anchorage of brain in the cranial cavity
the longitudinal fissure
where is CSF produced
in the ventricles and circulates round all the ventricles and then into subarachnoid space
what are the main dural venous sinuses
superior sagittal sinus
inferior sagittal sinus
straight sinus
transverse sinus
what is the clinical relevance of the cavernous sinus
the blood supply is slow here and many cranial nerves pass through here - drainage of the upper part of the face goes to the cavernous sinus
why is the cavernous sinus related to the danger triangle
blood moves very slowly in cavernous sinus which gives bacteria time to multiply - infections in the face can travel intra-cranially
when experiencing an extra-dural haematoma what would you expect to happen
loss of consciousness quick
between the bone and the dura
what would you expect to happen in a subdural haematoma
this is caused by veins that pass through the dura
bleed is between dura and arachnoid mater
bleed is slow so symptoms can take a week to present
what would you expect to happen in a subarachnoid haematoma
this is associated where there is a junction of arteries
in subarachnoid space the wall can be thinner
