TBL 10 (Module V) Flashcards
(27 cards)
What pancreatic cells have a pale nucleus, and form the smallest ducts of the gland?
Centro-acinar cells
Disease mechanism of acute pancreatitis
Damage to acinar cells causes release of enzymes, leading to death of pancreatic tissue, inflammation (lipase causes death of local fat cells), amylase detected in the blood
What are the components of a portal triad?
Hepatic artery, portal vein, bile duct
What is Glisson’s capsule? Where is it found?
Surrounds the liver, contains elastic fibers surrounded by simple serosa
Describe the appearance and contents of a hepatocyte
Hepatocytes are separated by sinusoids, eosinophilic cytoplasm with basophilic granules, contain abundant glycogen, abundant SER and lipofuscin
Hepatocyte SER function
Proliferates when challenged by drugs, toxins or alcohol, SER enzymes can oxidize, methylate or conjugate many components
What are Kupffer cells derived from?
Monocytes
What do Kupffer cells do?
Phagocytose aged RBCs and debris
Where are Ito cells found?
Space of Disse
Ito cell function
Store vitamin A in lipid droplets which can be released as retinol; can also differentiate into myofibroblasts (contribute to liver fibrosis and portal HT)
Where are Kupffer cells found?
Endothelial lining of hepatic sinusoids
What part of the liver lobule has the best oxygenation?
Zone 1 (farthest outside)
What is the function of zone 1 in liver lobules?
Gluconeogenesis
What is the function of zone 3 in liver lobules?
Glycolysis and drug detoxification
What liver lobule zone is most susceptible to ischemic necrosis?
Zone 3 (farthest inside)
What cellular transition is associated with Barrett’s esophagus?
Metaplasia
Risk factors for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
HPV, smoking, fungal food, alcohol
Appearance of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Abundant keratin in cytoplasm of infiltrating cells
What is linitis plastica?
An extreme form of flat or depressed gastric carcinoma
In what gastric cancer are malignant cells are filled with mucin vacuoles that push the nucleus to the side?
Signet ring carcinoma
Which inflammatory bowel disease produces non-caveating granulomas?
Crohn’s disease
Which inflammatory bowel disease is assiociated with fistulas?
Crohn’s disease
Where is the inflammation in Ulcerative colitis?
Stays in the mucous layer (mucosa and submucosa)
Which inflammatory bowel disease increases risk for adenocarcinoma?
Ulcerative colitis
