Taxonomy and classification Flashcards
What are the seven groupings for classification?
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
What are the Difficulties in classifying organisms?
Living things are on a continuous spectrum
They show different stages of evolution
Importance of classification?
Identify species
Predict characteristics
To find evolutionary links
What are the five kingdoms?
Animalia
Plantae
Fungi
Prokaryotae
Protoctista
What are the qualities of the kingdom Prokaryotes?
Bacteria
Have no nucleus nor any membrane bound organelles
Single loop of DNA
Cell wall
What are the qualities of the kingdom Protoctista?
Simple organisms.
Can feed or make their own food.
Single celled or found in chains, balls or sheets.
What are the qualities of the kingdom fungi?
Uni or Multicellular
Make spores instead of seeds to reproduce
Cell walls made of chitin.
Can be parasitic.
Can be single celled or form threads called hyphae.
No mechanisms for locomotion
What are the qualities of the kingdom plantae?
Multicellular.
Cell organelles
Make their own food through photosynthesis.
Cell walls made of cellulose.
Store food as starch
What are the qualities of the kingdom animals?
Multicellular.
No cell walls nor any chloroplasts.
Feed on other organisms.
What is the binomial system?
Every organism has two Latin names – the name of
its genus followed by the name of its species.
The genus has a capital letter and the species a
small letter. The Genus can be shortened e.g.
Calluna vulgaris can be shortened to C. vulgaris
In typed text, the Latin name is written in italics
and in hand written notes, it is underlined.
What is Natural Classification?
Based on evolutionary relationships, organisms
placed into smaller and smaller groups
depending on recent common ancestors.
What is Artificial Classification?
Based on one or two characteristics-to make
identification easier.
Seabirds, because they all live by the sea
What are the three domains
Archaea (Archaea bacteria/ ancient bacteria), Bacteria (Eubacteria. true bacteria) and Eukarya (Protoctista, Plantae, Fungi and animals)
