Enzymes Flashcards
What is an enzyme
It is a biological catalyst that speeds up rate of reaction.
What is a catabolic reaction
Breakdown, Substrate -> Protein
What is an anabolic reaction
Build up, Substate(s) -> Protein
What does the lock and key model suggest
The active site of an enzyme is extremally specific and so can only fit very specific substrates
What does the induced fit model suggest
The enzymes structure is flexible and so the active sites shape adjusts to the shape of the substrate.
What is the order for the reaction in an active site
Enzyme and substrate -> Enzyme-substate complex -> Enzyme-Product complex -> Enzyme and product
What is metabolism
group of biochemical processes that take place inside a cell, both anabolism and catabolism can occur.
How can pH effect enzyme activity
Incorrect amount of H bonds, breaks tertiary bonds
Changing shape of the active site
Substrate unable to fit
ESC cannot form
Less reactions take place (none)
No products form
What is catabolism
breaks complex structures releasing energy
What is anabolism
builds complex structures using energy
How can temperature effect enzyme activity
Extra kinetic energy breaks tertiary bonds
Changing shape of the active site
Substrate unable to fit
ESC cannot form
Less reactions take place (none)
No products form
What factors effect enzyme activity
Temperature
Concentration of Enzymes
Concentration of substance
pH
What is ATP
Adenine triphosphate
Energy currency of the sell
One base one sugar and three phosphate groups
Breaks the strong bond between the second and third phosphate group to release energy
Doesn’t form chains
What is ADP
Adenine diphosphate
One sugar one base and two phosphate groups
Can gain a phosphate group in order to store energy
Doesn’t form chains
What is the name of the enzyme that resynthesises ATP during respiration or photosynthesis?
ATP Synthase