gas exchange in other organisms

Question 1

How many pairs of gills do fish typically have? What bony plate do
they cover?

Answer 1

5 plates typically. Operculum plate

Question 2

Describe the structure of the gill

Answer 2

Two rows of filaments over a Bony arch, Thin filaments are folded into secondary lamellae

Question 3

Explain how the structure of the gill makes it efficient for gas
exchange?

Answer 3

Large surface area
Capillaries carry blood lose to the surface

Question 4

Explain the counter current flow system

Answer 4

Water flows over the lamellae in the opposite direction to blood flow
through the capillaries

Question 5

Describe how ventilation occurs in bony fish?

Answer 5

Water is drawn into the mouth and forced out over the gills, increasing
gas exchange

Question 6

How is the circulation system of insects different?

Answer 6

Open circulatory system
Presents of body fluid, which acts as blood and tissues fluid

Question 7

Describe the structure of the insects gas exchange system

Answer 7

Tracheal system, air enters via pores called spiracles, Air is transport through tubes called tracheae and tracheales, Tracheal fluid moves around the body and causes exchange of gases

Question 8

Describe how the expansion and contraction of air sacs aid ventilation

Answer 8

Sections of the tracheal system have flexible walls which contract and
expand changing tracheal volume of the thorax

Question 9

How do wing movements aid ventilation?

Answer 9

Changes volume of the thorax
Air is forced in and out of the thorax with pressure changes

Question 10

How have some insects developed ventilation further?

Answer 10

Specialised breathing systems
Coordinated opening and closing of pores