Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

A level Biology > Membrane > Flashcards

Membrane Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the fluid mosaic model

A

Proteins move through mosaic like structure (membrane) components are free to move indedently from eachother,
Hydrophilic heads create mosaic like image from above and below.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What three factors effect the permeability of a membrane

A

Heat, Ethanol, pH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is a solute

A

dissolved molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is a solvent

A

the liquid the molecules are dissolved in

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is a soloution

A

it is the solute and the solvent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is a hypertonic

A

higher concentration then cell fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is hypotonic

A

lower concentartion then cell fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is isotonic

A

same concertation then cell fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

why can steroid-hormones, Co2 and O2 pass through a membrane

A

They are non-polar so they can pass through the membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is ficks law

A

Surface area x concentration difference / Length of diffusion path

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is simple diffusion

A

When a molecule passes through a membrane wihtout a chemical process being undergone, it may travel through the gaps within the phospholipid bilayer or through a protein channel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is facilitated diffusion

A

This is when a carrier protein embedded within the phospholipid bilayer makes a chemical bond with the molecule. This happens at the binding site and protein changes shape and carries the molecule across the membrane, moving it from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is water potential

A

The ‘Potential’ for water to move from one area of high water potential to another area of low water potential through a membrane.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is cytosis

A

a form of active transport where parts of the plasma membrane infold or outfold to take in other cells. It can lead to the transport of materials into the cell (endocytosis) or outside the cell (exocytosis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is phagocytosis

A

Solid substances like whole organisms are taken into a cell through folds of the surface membrane, this is usually performed by white blood cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is pinocytosis

A

Liquids, large molecules and/or intracellular fluids are taken in through small vesicles.

17
Q

What is the type of movement and direction of diffusion

A

passive, higher to lower concentration

18
Q

What is the type of movement and direction of facilitated diffusion

A

passive, higher to lower concentration

19
Q

What is the type of movement and direction of osmosis

A

passive, higher to lower concentration

20
Q

What is the type of movement and direction of active transport

A

active, lower to higher

21
Q

What are the conditions needed and examples of diffusion

A

concentration gradient,
examples include O2, CO2 and steroid hormones

22
Q

What are the conditions needed and examples of facilitated diffusion

A

concentration gradient (channel/carrier)
Examples include water and glucose

23
Q

What are the conditions needed and examples of osmosis

A

concentration gradient, channel proteins optional
Examples include water only

24
Q

What are the conditions needed and examples of active transport

A

ATP +carrier protein/ protein pump
Examples include ions, sugars and amino acids

25
Q

What state is an animal cell in when in a hypertonic solution

A

shrivelled

26
Q

What state is an animal cell in when in a hypotonic solution

A

lyses

27
Q

What state is an animal cell in when in a isotonic solution

A

normal

28
Q

What state is an plant cell in when in a hypertonic solution

A

plasmolysed

29
Q

What state is an plant cell in when in a hypotonic solution

A

turgid (normal)

29
Q

What state is an plant cell in when in a isotonic solution

A

flaccid

30
Q

What is osmosis in animal cells like?

A

If placed in hypertonic, then it shrinks and becomes wrinkled, if placed in hypotonic it lyses

31
Q

What is osmosis in plant cells like?

A

Plant cells have a cell wall which provides structure,
Hypotonic = water enters, fills vaculoues, plasma membrane pushes against cell wall making it inflexible/turgid
Hypertonic = flaccid, water is lost stops pushing against cell wall.

31
Q

Why is it normal for plant cells to be Turgid

A

Plants use the cell walls of their cells for structure, a turgid cell allows for the cell wall to become even more inflexible and strong, giving the plant more structure.

A level Biology (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions