Systemic Risk Factors - Smoking Flashcards
1
Q
How do Smokers Oral Health Related to Periodontitis?
A
- greater bone loss
- greater attachment loss
- greater deeper pockets
2
Q
7 Clinical Appearance of a Smoker.
A
teeth
- calculus
- staining
- anterior recession
- open embrasures
gums
- fibrotic tight gingiva
- rolled margins
- less gingival redness
3
Q
6 Features of Necrotising Gingivitis?
A
- painful
- bleeding
- interdental necrosis
- necrotic ulcers
- punched out appearance
- possible halitosis
4
Q
How does Smoking Lead to Necrotising Gingivitis? (11)
A
Please Come Over Ryan Or Face A Bashful Vengeful Hating Nature.
- phagocytosis and neutrophils inhibitied
- chemotaxis reduced
- oral PMN exposed to nicotine
- affects respiratory burst
- nicotine penetrate oral epithelium
- affect fibroblast function
- reduced antibody production
- reduced bone mineralisation
- fewer gingival vessels
- chronic hypoxia of periodontal tissues
5
Q
What do you tell a Patient who smokes?
A
the effects
give smoking cessation
6
Q
How does Stress work?
A
- response sent to hypothalamus-pituitary -adrenal axis
- corticotrophin releasing hormone release from hypothalamus (CRH)
- adrenocorticotropic hormone from pituitary (ACTH)
- glucocorticoids from adrenal
7
Q
What are the Effects of Stress
A
behavioural changes
hormones
- lymphocyte proliferation, natural killer cell activity
why?
because stress can induce low grade inflammation
