Biocompatibility Flashcards

1
Q

Define biocompatibility

A

the ability of a material, device or appliance to be tolerated by living tissue

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2
Q

define biomaterial

A

any substance other than drugs or a combination of natural or synthetic substances, which can be used for any period of time, or as a whole or as part of a system that treats, augments or replaces any tissues, organ or function of the body.

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3
Q

what 3 interactions must be met?

A

the interactions between host, material and function of material

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4
Q

What are 4 risk factors that can change the biocompatibility of a material

A

disease
age
occlusion, diet
material change - corrosion, fatigue
- elements can release, mutagenic

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5
Q

how can a biomaterial be toxic?

A

if it releases a chemical in sufficient quantities to directly/indirectly kill cells through inhibiting key metabolic pathways

= carcinogenic reactions

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6
Q

what are 6 risk assessment factors

A

exposure - quantity, route, length
age
foetal exposure
allergenic
diet
disease

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7
Q

what dental materials have known allergens?

A

latex
nickel
methacrylates
resin based materials (TEDGMA, HEMA)

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8
Q

what two ways do we test biocompatibility?

A

in vitro test
usage test

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9
Q

what is the in vitro test?

A

material is placed into contact with some biological system to investigate toxicity and influence

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10
Q

6 PROS of in vitro test

A

controllable
isolated
cheap
fast
repeatable
simple

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11
Q

CONS of in vitro test

A

may produce misleading results

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12
Q

what is the usage test?

A

material is placed into intact organisms

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13
Q

PROs of usage test

A

most relevant

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14
Q

CONS of usage test

A

expensive
time consuming
difficult to control and interpret
legal and ethical issues

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