Intro to Occlusion

Question 1

Define Occlusion

Answer 1

how the teeth come together and function

Question 2

define articulation

Answer 2

the joined movement of the upper and lower teeth when they come into contact

Question 3

If teeth are not in harmony with occlusion, what can it lead to?

Answer 3

• pain
• loosening of the teeth
• fractured restorations or teeth

Question 4

What are the Effects of Overloading Teeth?

Answer 4

• premature contacts (interference)
• lateral forces on posterior teeth, prefer vertical
• excessive forces due to parafunction e.g. bruxism

Question 5

What is Interference, How do you Detect it?

Answer 5

when a restoration is placed too high

detected using fremitus e.g. using a finger, can feel the tooth vibrate and bounce more than the neighbouring tooth

Question 6

What are the Clinical Symptoms of Interference? Give the Physiological Response.

Answer 6

inflammation
pain on biting on that tooth

• widening of the periodontal ligament
• tooth more mobile, may drift

Question 7

On a Posterior Restoration, how may Interference Present?

Answer 7

shiny amalgam

Question 8

Are Parafunction Forces Patient-Centered?

Answer 8

yes, they’re a subconscious problem

Question 9

Clinical Signs of Bruxism (5)

Answer 9

pronounced masseter
muscle pain
increased wear
microcracks
fractured restorations

Question 10

What Sits in the Ascending Ramus?

Answer 10

masseter and coronoid process

Question 11

Where does the Jaw Move from?

Answer 11

the Condyle

Question 12

What is the Freeway Space?

Answer 12

the space between the teeth at rest, usually 2-4mm

Question 13

What is the Inter-Cuspal Position

Answer 13

position of maximal interdigitation of the teeth
aka where the patient bites together

Question 14

Describe the Closing in Retruded Process

Answer 14

• the jaw is in the retruded contact position
• condylar is fully seated in the glenoid fossa, so molars touch

Question 15

How much can you open your mouth in a closing in retruded position?

Answer 15

usually 20mm

Question 16

What is the Hinge that allows Rotation? Which Muscle Works at this?

Answer 16

Terminal Hinge Axis

Digastric muscles

Question 17

Describe Translation, Which Muscle is Responsible?

Answer 17

the forward movement of the jaw and for it to become wider

Lateral Pterygoid

Question 18

Which Muscle is Responsible for Closing, Initially?

Answer 18

Temporalis

Question 19

What Muscle goes Complimentary in Force with the Masseter?

Answer 19

Median Pterygoid

Question 20

Describe Protrusion, What Happens to the Condyle?

Answer 20

moving jaw forward, like an underbite

the condyle goes down and forward

Question 21

Describe Lateral Movements, Which Muscle is Responsible?

Answer 21

like chewing side to side

lateral pytergoid muscle, have a working side and a non-working side

Question 22

What are the 2 Occlusal Schemes? Describe them.

Answer 22

Canine Guidance - can see with the canines which side they occlude on, if they’re on the working side or non-working side

Group Function - 2 or more teeth remain in contact on the working side
- usually worn
- canine cusps are worn

Question 23

Define Articulator.

Answer 23

a mechanical device that recreates the patients jaw upon which study models can be positioned and the relationship between upper and lower teeth studies