Dentine Hypersensitivity Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the Pain.

A

short, sharp pain

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2
Q

How is Dentine Exposed?

A

loss of enamel by removal, attrition, abrasion or erosion

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3
Q

How does Erosion Occur?

A

intrinsic or extrinsic acids.

instrinic - what comes from within e.g. GIT acid
extrinic - like orange juice

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4
Q

What is Erosion?

A

tooth surface loss

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5
Q

What Determines the Rate of Erosion? (4)

A

pH, temperature, duration, frequency

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6
Q

How can Toothpaste Lead to Dentine Hypersensitivity?

A

abrasive particles
- remove smear layer
- open dentinal tubules
or
- may occlude tubules with particulate matter

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7
Q

Epidemiology of Dentine Hypersensitivity.

A

populations, habits, diets, gender

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8
Q

Most Affected Teeth in order

A

first premolar
canine
incisor
second premolar
molars

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9
Q

Does Dentine Hypersensitivity Correspond to Gingival Recession?

A

Yes

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10
Q

Aetiology of Dentine Hypersensitivity.

A

exposure + stimulus

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11
Q

What are the possible stimuli?

A

thermal
osmotic
dessication
electrical
tactile - physical contact

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12
Q

Does the Pulp have to be Vital?

A

Yes.

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13
Q

What are the 3 Proposed Mechanisms of Sensitivity Conduction?

A
  • unlikely odontoblasts are receptors
  • nerves in dentine - but only 1% of tubules have nerves
  • hydrodynamic mechanism
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14
Q

What is the Hydrodynamic Mechanism? (4)

A
  • there is movement of dentinal tubule content
  • increased outward fluid flow
    = change in pressure
  • distortion of a-delta fibres causes pain

fluid flow may also result in electrical discharge

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15
Q

Why is the Width of Dentinal Tubules Important?

A

rate of flow = radius4

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16
Q

What can Treatment Include?

A

Tubule Occlusion
- promote formation of new tissue
- apply artificial barrier - varnish, bonding agent, composite, GIC, toothpaste
- needs to be: retentive, insoluble, penetrable to tubules, mechanical tag, seal the end

Blocking Pulpal Nerve Response
- Raise extracellular K+ ions
- reduces nerve excitability
= UNPROVEN

Placebo Effect

Patient Advice - eliminate traumatic habits, risk factors, OHI, smoking cessation

17
Q

Define Root Hypersensitivity.

A
18
Q

Define Root Hypersensitivity.

A

dentine hypersensitivity from gingival recession due to periodontal disease and treatment