Synapses & NT Study Guide- Biancardi Flashcards
What is the function of an autoreceptor?
Bind specific neurotransmitters/hormones
What are autoreceptors mainly used for?
As a feedback mechanism to monitor neurotransmitter synth./release
What is another name for Ionotropic receptors?
Ligand-gated ion channels
Why are ionotropic receptors faster than metabotropic ones?
They are directly linked to ion channels and their activation causes rapid onset and decaying post synaptic events
What’s another name for metabotropic ions?
G-protein coupled channels
Why are metabotropic receptors slower than ionotropic ones?
They require one or more steps and their post synaptic events have a slower onset and duration
Are GABA and Glycine inhibitory or excitatory?
Inhibitory
How do GABA and Glycine hyperpolarize the membrane?
Use of ionotropic Cl- channels
Which part of the body is GABA found?
Brain
Which 3 parts of the body is Glycine found in?
Brainstem, retina, spinal cord
Name 3 examples of monoamine neurotransmitters
1) norepinephrine
2) dopamine
3) serotonin
Glutamate and Aspartate are inhibitory or excitatory?
Excitatory
What does the reuptake/degradation for norepinephrine and dopamine
Monoamine oxidases (MAO)
What is serotonin synthesized from?
Tryptophan
Describe the reuptake/degradation of serotonin
Serotonin enters neuronal terminals via active transport via serotonin transporter proteins (SERT)
Example of a pharmacological use for serotonin
Selective serotonin transporter protein reuptake inhibitor (SSRI); used for antidepressants
Example of a pharmacological use of norepinephrine and dopamine
MAO inhibitor; in antidepressants
Glutamate and GBA are…
Amino acids
An imbalance of Glutamate and GABA is correlated with…
An increase or decrease in neuronal activity (implication in seizures)
Which nervous system is glutamate found in?
CNS
What functions are glutamate associated with?
Learning, memory, nociception pathways
Describe the reuptake/degradation of glutamate
1) reuptake form synaptic cleft to nerve terminals through excitatory amino acid trasporters (EAAT)
2) taken and recycled by glia cells
Which nervous system is GABA associated with?
CNS
What functions are GABA associated with?
Sleep induction, relaxation, suppression of seizures and anxiety
What degrades GABA?
Monoamine oxidases (MAO)
