Synapses & NT Study Guide- Biancardi

Question 1

What is the function of an autoreceptor?

Answer 1

Bind specific neurotransmitters/hormones

Question 2

What are autoreceptors mainly used for?

Answer 2

As a feedback mechanism to monitor neurotransmitter synth./release

Question 3

What is another name for Ionotropic receptors?

Answer 3

Ligand-gated ion channels

Question 4

Why are ionotropic receptors faster than metabotropic ones?

Answer 4

They are directly linked to ion channels and their activation causes rapid onset and decaying post synaptic events

Question 5

What’s another name for metabotropic ions?

Answer 5

G-protein coupled channels

Question 6

Why are metabotropic receptors slower than ionotropic ones?

Answer 6

They require one or more steps and their post synaptic events have a slower onset and duration

Question 7

Are GABA and Glycine inhibitory or excitatory?

Answer 7

Inhibitory

Question 8

How do GABA and Glycine hyperpolarize the membrane?

Answer 8

Use of ionotropic Cl- channels

Question 9

Which part of the body is GABA found?

Answer 9

Brain

Question 10

Which 3 parts of the body is Glycine found in?

Answer 10

Brainstem, retina, spinal cord

Question 11

Name 3 examples of monoamine neurotransmitters

Answer 11

1) norepinephrine

2) dopamine

3) serotonin

Question 12

Glutamate and Aspartate are inhibitory or excitatory?

Answer 12

Excitatory

Question 13

What does the reuptake/degradation for norepinephrine and dopamine

Answer 13

Monoamine oxidases (MAO)

Question 14

What is serotonin synthesized from?

Answer 14

Tryptophan

Question 15

Describe the reuptake/degradation of serotonin

Answer 15

Serotonin enters neuronal terminals via active transport via serotonin transporter proteins (SERT)

Question 16

Example of a pharmacological use for serotonin

Answer 16

Selective serotonin transporter protein reuptake inhibitor (SSRI); used for antidepressants

Question 17

Example of a pharmacological use of norepinephrine and dopamine

Answer 17

MAO inhibitor; in antidepressants

Question 18

Glutamate and GBA are…

Answer 18

Amino acids

Question 19

An imbalance of Glutamate and GABA is correlated with…

Answer 19

An increase or decrease in neuronal activity (implication in seizures)

Question 20

Which nervous system is glutamate found in?

Answer 20

CNS

Question 21

What functions are glutamate associated with?

Answer 21

Learning, memory, nociception pathways

Question 22

Describe the reuptake/degradation of glutamate

Answer 22

1) reuptake form synaptic cleft to nerve terminals through excitatory amino acid trasporters (EAAT)

2) taken and recycled by glia cells

Question 23

Which nervous system is GABA associated with?

Answer 23

CNS

Question 24

What functions are GABA associated with?

Answer 24

Sleep induction, relaxation, suppression of seizures and anxiety

Question 25

What degrades GABA?

Answer 25

Monoamine oxidases (MAO)