Part I/Intro-Mansour

Question 1

Which spinal nerve segmentds does the biceps reflex test?

Answer 1

C6-C8

Question 2

Which spinal nerve segments does the Triceps reflex test?

Answer 2

C7-T2

Question 3

Which spinal nerve segments does the patellar reflex test?

Answer 3

L4-L6

Question 4

Describe the normal and abnormal results of the hopping test?

Answer 4

Normal- senses when to hop

Abnormal- doesn’t hop; leg may drag

Question 5

Describe the normal and abnormal results of the wheelbarrow test

Answer 5

Normal- moves fwd evenly on both forelimbs

Abnormal- may stumble or knuckle over as they walk

Question 6

Describe the normal and abnormal results of the extensor postural thrust test

Answer 6

Normal- as the animal approaches the ground, they should extend their hindlimbs and take steps back as they land

Abnormal- hindlimbs don’t extend, no steps taken

Question 7

Name supporting cells of CNS and functions

Answer 7

Astrocytes- support

Oligodendrocytes- insulation/myelination

Microglia- immune/phagocytosis

Ependymal- creates CSF

Question 8

Name supporting cells of PNS and functions

Answer 8

Satellite cells- support

Schwann cells- insulation/myelination

Question 9

Name the brain regions and which CNs emerge from them

Answer 9

Telencephalon- CN I

Diencephalon- CN II

Mesencephalon- CN III + CN IV

Metencephalon- CN V

Myelencephalon- CN VI- CN XII

Question 10

Name the anatomical regions of the spinal cord and how many segments there are in each region

Answer 10

Cervical- 8

Thoracic- 13

Lumbar- 7

Sacral- 3

Caudal- 5

Question 11

Name the clinical regions of the spinal cord and the nerves included in each region

Answer 11

Neck- C1-C5

Thoracic limb- C6-T2

Thoracolumbar region- T3-L3

Pelvic limb- L4-S1

Pelvis- S1-S3