Equine Abdomen

Question 1

Spur vein

Answer 1

• 2nd choice for blood draws
• superficial thoracic vein

Question 2

How to access abdominal tunic

Answer 2

• paralumbar fossa
• flank incision

Question 3

During surgery, the adominal fasica must be

Answer 3

Sutured

Question 4

Side you must perform paralumbar fossa

Answer 4

Right

Question 5

3 borders of paralumbar fossa

Answer 5

• Cranial to tuber Coxae

-caudal to last rib

• ventral to transverse processes of lumbar vertebran

Question 6

Paralumbar fossa can also be used to treat

Answer 6

Cecal tympani (trocar cannula)

Question 7

T or F: flank incisions can be performed on both sides

Answer 7

True (right side is preferred)

Question 8

3 conditions a flank incision procedure is acceptable for

Answer 8

• OVH
• Loop Colostomy

-Cannulation

Question 9

Origins of EAO

Answer 9

• Lateral surface of ribs
• thoraco-lumbar fascia

Question 10

Insertions of EAO

Answer 10

• tuber coxae
• pelvic tendon

Question 11

3 signs of heaves

Answer 11

• old age
• emaciation
• copd

Question 12

Origins of IAO

Answer 12

• TUBER COXAE

-PELVIC TENDONE

Question 13

Insertions of IAO

Answer 13

• last rib
• costal cartilages
• linea alba
• prepubic tendon

Question 14

Clin sig of deep inguinal ring

Answer 14

Inguinal hernias

Question 15

Clin sig of EAO and IAO

Answer 15

Inguinal/scrotal hernias after mating

Question 16

Insertion and origin of TA

Answer 16

• Origin: last ribs and lumbar vertebrae
• Insertion: linea alba

Question 17

Origin and Insertion of RA

Answer 17

• Origin: 4th-9th costal cartilages and sternum
• Insertion: pre-pubic tendon and accessory ligament

Question 18

T or F: the L kidney and Spleen aren’t rectally palpable

Answer 18

False; only the caudal border of spleen and L kidney are palpable

Question 19

Clin sig of nephrosplenic lig

Answer 19

Site of colic

Question 20

Clin sig of margoplicatus

Answer 20

• bot flies
• ulcers

Question 21

Clin sig of cardiac junct

Answer 21

• prevents food from re-entering esophagus
• must forge NG tube or endoscope down

Question 22

Where does the cardiac junction sit

Answer 22

@ angle of 11th intercostal space

Question 23

List the 3 muscular layers of the stomach

Answer 23

• inner circular
• outer longitudinal
• oblique (mixes food)

Question 24

Duodenum is not rectally palpable unless

Answer 24

Animal has anterior enteritis

Question 25

Clin sig of jejunum

Answer 25

- volvulus - herniation

Question 26

Clin sig of large intestine

Answer 26

- impaction colic

Question 27

Which parts of the colon have 0 sacculation

Answer 27

L dorsal colon & Transverse colon

Question 28

4 anatomical predisposing factors of colic

Answer 28

- free moving intestine (jejunum) - acute reductions in diameter (i.e. pelvic flexure, cecocolic junction, R dorsal/transverse colon) - wide mesentery - natural openings

Question 29

3 areas of impaction

Answer 29

1) pelvic flexure 2) cecocolic junction 3) R dorsal colon to transverse colon

Question 30

3 natural openings of abdomen

Answer 30

1) inguinal canal (jejunum) 2) Nephrosplenic lig. ( L dorsal colon & pelvic flexure) 3) Epiploic foramen (jejunum)

Question 31

Colon can become trapped over…

Answer 31

Nephrosplenic lig

Question 32

3 borders of epiploic foramen

Answer 32

- dorsal: vena cava - ventral: portal vein - cranially: hepatoduodenal ligament

Question 33

4 non-atomical predisposing factors of colic

Answer 33

- lipoma - enteroliths - parasites ( block cranial mesenteric a.) - sand

Question 34

Where to get a pulse on horses (2 sites)

Answer 34

- facial a. - transverse facial a.

Question 35

Steps in a gastric reflux procedure

Answer 35

1) block false nostril 2) measure tube to 11th intercostal space 3) initiate swallowing response

Question 36

Location for abdominocentesis

Answer 36

(cranial to line of pleural reflection) 10 cm caudal to xiphoid cartilage on ventral midline

Question 37

All structures that may be rectally palpable

Answer 37

- L kidney - Cd. Border of spleen - Dorsal and Ventral colon -Pelvic flexure -Nephrosplenic lig - Small colon

Question 38

Structures rectally palpable on R side

Answer 38

- Right ventral colon -cecum - cranial mesenteric a. - cecocolic a. - distended duodenum

Question 39

Ventral midline celiotomy

Answer 39

- through linea alba

Question 40

Clin sig of pelvic flexure incision

Answer 40

- cut adjacent to pelvic flexure b/c healing process decreases diameter + plexus is present

Question 41

Why doesn’t the needle go through the abdominal wall when suturing the linea alba

Answer 41

Muscles aren’t a holding layer

Question 42

Complications of colic surgery

Answer 42

- suture failure (hernia) - technical failure ( adhesions, infection)