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Neuroscience (1206) > Synapses > Flashcards

Synapses Flashcards

1
Q

What is the term used to describe the means by which neurones communicate with each other

A

Synapse

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2
Q

List the names of three different types synaptic arrangements in the CNS

A

Axo-dendritic
Axo-somatic
Axon-axonal

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3
Q

Name the functional type that has Gap junctions, low resistance bridges and ephaptic transmission

A

Electrical

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4
Q

Name the functional type that has a pre-synaptic neuron containing vesicles and electron- dense plaques on both membranes

A

Chemical

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5
Q

Name the functional type that has 2-way traffic of electrical and chemical synapses, which is only found centrally

A

Reciprocal or Conjoint

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6
Q

How many synapses make up the CNS

A

2 x 10^14 synapses

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7
Q

How many synaptic contacts make up the CNS

A

2000

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8
Q

How many synapses are present on each synaptic contact

A

10,000

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9
Q

What neurotransmitter is stored in clear, spheroid vesicles; cholinergic synapses.

A

ACH

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10
Q

What neurotransmitter is stored in spherical dense-core vesicles; Adrenergic/ Noradrenergic Synapses

A

Epinephrine (E), Nor- epinephrine (NE), Serontonin (5-HT)

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11
Q

What neurotransmitter is stored in flattened, clear vesicles; inhibitory synapses

A

Glycine, Gamma-aminobutyric acid, amino acid

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12
Q

What neurotransmitter is stored in large dense core vesicles

A

Peptides

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13
Q

What neurotransmitter contains NO, CO

A

Gaseous neurotransmitters

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14
Q

True or False, Neurotransmission is a two way process that is necessary for orderly neural function

A

False, it is one way process

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15
Q

True or False, Single stimulus applied to a sensory neurone leads to a propagated AP in the post-synaptic neurone.

A

False, It doesn’t

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16
Q

How much time is the synaptic delay after afferent impulse

A

0.5ms

17
Q

What type of polerizations are produced in post-synaptic cells

A

Transient partial depolarizatons or hyper polarisations

18
Q

ESP’s are all or nothing responses

A

False

19
Q

What process generates a full-fledged action potential

A

Summation

20
Q

What type of potential increase the excitability of the postsynaptic membrane

A

ESPs

21
Q

What are the two types of summations

A

Spatial and Temporal

22
Q

Which type of summation excite different synaptic knobs simultaneously

A

Spatial Summation

23
Q

Which type of summation Increases frequency of stimulation to the same synaptic knob

A

Temporal Summation

24
Q

True or False, Spatial Summation EPSPs form simultaneously in adjacent areas of the post-synaptic membrane

A

True

25
Q

True or False, Temporal Summation causes new EPSPs to form before previous ones have decayed

A

True

26
Q

True or False, Only Spatial summation results in post synaptic inhibition or direct inhibition

A

False, Both spatial and temporal summation result in Postsynaptic Inhibition or Direct inhibition

27
Q

What type of inhibition occurs @ axo-axonic synapses in CNS

A

Pre-synaptic Inhibition

28
Q

What type of inhibition occurs for negative feed-back involved in “gating” of pain transmission

A

Indirect Inhibition

29
Q

True or False, In Direct Inhibition, Afferent fibres from the skeletal muscle excite motor neurones supplying only protagonist muscles

A

False, they also provide reciprocal innervation to antagonist muscles

30
Q

What is the term given to a decrease in the expected response due to pre-synaptic neurones sharing the same post-synaptic neurones

A

Occlusion

31
Q

What is the term given when the response to the combined presentation of 2 stimuli = sum of those produced when each stimulus is given separately

A

Summation

32
Q

What is the term given when the response is more than that evoked by one stimulus, but less than the sum of the 2 responses

A

Occlusion

33
Q

what is the term given when The response to the combination of 2 stimuli exceeds the sum of the responses to separate presentations

A

Facilitation

Neuroscience (1206) (17 decks)

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