Contraction Mechanisms Of Skeletal, Smooth And Cardiac Muscle Flashcards
What are the names of the specialized protein myofilaments
Actin and myosin
Describe the action of the specialized myofilaments to allow the movement of the muscle
They slide past each other
What are the two classifications of the muscle
Structural and Functional
What are the two structural classifications of the muscle tissue
Striated and smooth
What are the two functional classifications of the muscle tissue
Voluntary and Involuntary
What is the structural and functional classifications of skeletal muscle
Striated and voluntary
What is the structural and functional classifications of cardiac muscle
Striated, involuntary
What is the structural and functional classifications of smooth muscle
Smooth and involuntary
Where is the location of the smooth muscles
Single unit muscle in walls of hollow visceral organs
Multi unit muscle in intrinsic eye muscles, air ways and large arteries
What is the most abundant tissue in the body
Skeletal muscle
Where are the skeletal muscles attached
Bones
What are the functions of the skeletal muscle
Directly involved in the breathing process
Facilitated posture
Provides joint stability
Aids in heat generation
Works in pairs to bring about the co-ordinated movements of the limbs, trunk, jaws, eyeballs etc
What are the three connective tissues of the skeletal muscle
Epimysium
Perimysium
Ensomysium
What attaches muscles to bones and produce movement when muscles are stimulated to contract
Tendons, Aponeuroses
Between which two lines are sarcomeres present
Z lines
What is the basic functional unit of muscle contraction
Sarcomere
What are sarcomeres encased in
2 T tubules
Where do the T tubules form
Junction of I and A
Where are the actin filament attached and how are they arranged
Directly on the Z line
Arranged along an inflexible protein nebulin
Where are the myosin filaments attached and how are they arranged
Indirectly to Z line via protein
Titin for stability
Where is the smooth muscle tissue located
Digestive tract (lower part of the oesophagus, stomachs and intestines ) Bladder Uterus Various ducts of glands Blood vessels
What are the functions of the smooth muscle
Controls slow involuntary movements
Propels substances along passage ways
Muscles of the arteries contract and relaxes to regulate the blood pressure and the flow of the flow of blood
True or False, smooth muscle fibers have single, oval, large shaped nucleus
True
Smooth muscles contain ________ that is surrounded by ________
Sarcoplasm, sarcolemma
True or False, endomysin is present in the smooth muscle cells
True
True or False, sarcoplasmic reticula are peripherally located and a few in numbers in smooth muscles
True
True or False, smooth muscles have T-tubules
False, they don’t
What do smooth muscles use as signaling pathways for transport fluid and electrolytes into the the cell
Caveolae
The action potential in the cardiac muscle travels though all cells connected together in the ______ causing them to function as a unit
Syncytium
What are the characteristics of the cardiac myocytes
Branches and mono-nucleated
Describe the T tubules in a cardiac myofibril
Short and broad
True or False the cardiac myofibril is encapsulated by a simple sarcoplasmic reticulum
True
The SR terminal cisternae are small absent but the the SE has _______ instead of _______ in the fibers
Diads instead of triads
