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Neuroscience (1206) > Contraction Mechanisms Of Skeletal, Smooth And Cardiac Muscle > Flashcards

Contraction Mechanisms Of Skeletal, Smooth And Cardiac Muscle Flashcards

1
Q

What are the names of the specialized protein myofilaments

A

Actin and myosin

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2
Q

Describe the action of the specialized myofilaments to allow the movement of the muscle

A

They slide past each other

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3
Q

What are the two classifications of the muscle

A

Structural and Functional

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4
Q

What are the two structural classifications of the muscle tissue

A

Striated and smooth

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5
Q

What are the two functional classifications of the muscle tissue

A

Voluntary and Involuntary

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6
Q

What is the structural and functional classifications of skeletal muscle

A

Striated and voluntary

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7
Q

What is the structural and functional classifications of cardiac muscle

A

Striated, involuntary

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8
Q

What is the structural and functional classifications of smooth muscle

A

Smooth and involuntary

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9
Q

Where is the location of the smooth muscles

A

Single unit muscle in walls of hollow visceral organs

Multi unit muscle in intrinsic eye muscles, air ways and large arteries

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10
Q

What is the most abundant tissue in the body

A

Skeletal muscle

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11
Q

Where are the skeletal muscles attached

A

Bones

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12
Q

What are the functions of the skeletal muscle

A

Directly involved in the breathing process
Facilitated posture
Provides joint stability
Aids in heat generation
Works in pairs to bring about the co-ordinated movements of the limbs, trunk, jaws, eyeballs etc

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13
Q

What are the three connective tissues of the skeletal muscle

A

Epimysium
Perimysium
Ensomysium

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14
Q

What attaches muscles to bones and produce movement when muscles are stimulated to contract

A

Tendons, Aponeuroses

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15
Q

Between which two lines are sarcomeres present

A

Z lines

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16
Q

What is the basic functional unit of muscle contraction

A

Sarcomere

17
Q

What are sarcomeres encased in

A

2 T tubules

18
Q

Where do the T tubules form

A

Junction of I and A

19
Q

Where are the actin filament attached and how are they arranged

A

Directly on the Z line

Arranged along an inflexible protein nebulin

20
Q

Where are the myosin filaments attached and how are they arranged

A

Indirectly to Z line via protein

Titin for stability

21
Q

Where is the smooth muscle tissue located

A 
Digestive tract (lower part of the oesophagus, stomachs and intestines ) 
Bladder  
Uterus
Various ducts of glands
Blood vessels
22
Q

What are the functions of the smooth muscle

A

Controls slow involuntary movements
Propels substances along passage ways
Muscles of the arteries contract and relaxes to regulate the blood pressure and the flow of the flow of blood

23
Q

True or False, smooth muscle fibers have single, oval, large shaped nucleus

A

True

24
Q

Smooth muscles contain ________ that is surrounded by ________

A

Sarcoplasm, sarcolemma

25
Q

True or False, endomysin is present in the smooth muscle cells

A

True

26
Q

True or False, sarcoplasmic reticula are peripherally located and a few in numbers in smooth muscles

A

True

27
Q

True or False, smooth muscles have T-tubules

A

False, they don’t

28
Q

What do smooth muscles use as signaling pathways for transport fluid and electrolytes into the the cell

A

Caveolae

29
Q

The action potential in the cardiac muscle travels though all cells connected together in the ______ causing them to function as a unit

A

Syncytium

30
Q

What are the characteristics of the cardiac myocytes

A

Branches and mono-nucleated

31
Q

Describe the T tubules in a cardiac myofibril

A

Short and broad

32
Q

True or False the cardiac myofibril is encapsulated by a simple sarcoplasmic reticulum

A

True

33
Q

The SR terminal cisternae are small absent but the the SE has _______ instead of _______ in the fibers

A

Diads instead of triads

Neuroscience (1206) (17 decks)

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