Differences between Autonomic and Somatic Systems Flashcards
What are the two systems of the peripheral N.S
Efferent System, Afferent System
What are the two types of Efferent System
Somatic NS, Autonomic NS
What are the muscles associated with Somatic NS
Skeletal muscles
What type of control is associated with the Somatic NS
Voluntary System
What tissues are associated with the ANS
Heart and smooth muscles, glands
What type of control is associated with the ANS
Involuntary System
What fibres are associated with the Somatic NS
A
What fibres are associated with the ANS
Preganglionic B, Postganglionic C
True or False ANS only excites tissue
False, it Excites and Inhibits
What is the name of the neurotransmitter blocker for nicotinic acetylcholinic receptors in the Somatic NS
d-Tubocurarine
What is the name of the receptors for ACH
Nicotinic receptors
What is the name of the neurotransmitter blocker for between the B and C receptors for the ANS
Hexamethonium
What is the name of the neurotransmitters in the ANS
Acetylcholine and Norepinephrine
What is the name of the receptor that Norepinephrine binds to
alpha, beta receptors
What is the name of the neurotransmitter that ACh binds itself to in the Somatic Nervous System
Muscarinic Receptors
When there are low concentrations of ACh, what is hormone is secreted
Nicotine
When there are high concentrations of ACh, what is hormone is secreted
Hexamethonium
What is the neurotransmitter blocker for muscarinic receptors
Atropine
What tissues do M1 receptors act on
Brain
What tissues do M2 receptors act on
Heart
What tissues do M3-M5 receptors act on
Smooth muscles
What another name for Nor- epinephrine
Nor-Adrenaline
What organ releases E, NE into the peripheral blood
Adrenal Medulla
What amino acid is NA synthesised from
Phenylalanine, Tyrosine, DOPA, Dopamine
What is the precursor for Tyrosine
Phenylalanine
What is required for the storage of NA in vesicles
ATP and chromogranins
What two drugs interfere with the storage of NA
Reserpine, Guanethidine
What gland converts NA to Adrenaline
Adrenal Medulla
What two neurotransmitters bind to alpha and beta receptors
After binding what is activated to produce secondary messengers
NE and E
G-Proteins
What is used in the metabolism of NA
Catechol-O-methyltransferase Monoamine oxidase (MAO)
What is the precursor for DOPA
Tyrosine
What is the precursor for Dopamine
DOPA
What is the precursor for Nor-adrenaline
Dopamine
What does NE get broken down into, using the metabolite, Catechol-O-methyltransferase
Normetanephrine Homovanillic acid
VMA
What does NE get broken down into, using the metabolite Monoamine Oxidase (MOA)
3,4 Dihydroxy-mandelic aldehyde
Vanillylmandelic acid
What are normal plasma levels of NE
300 pg/ml
1.8 nmol/L
What are normal plasma levels of E
30 pg/ml
0.16 nmol/L
What are normal plasma levels of DA
35 pg/ml (0.23 nmol/L
True or False, Norepinephrine excites mainly alpha receptors but excites the beta receptors to a lesser extent
True
α1 and α2 receptors are located in which areas of the body
Smooth muscles, blood vessels
β1 receptors are located in which areas of the body
Heart
Adipose tissue, Juxtaglomerular apparatus
β2 receptors are located in which areas of the body
Lungs
Arterioles
β3 receptors are located in which areas of the body
Adipose tissues
True or false, in 2nd messenger mediated responses, α1 increases IP3 and DAG productions
True
True or False, in 2nd messenger mediated responses, α2 decrease cell action membrane potential
True
True or False, in 2nd messenger mediated responses, β1-β3 increases cell AMP
True
True or False, in 2nd messenger mediated responses, IP3 increases in M1,M3 and M5receptors
True
True or False, in 2nd messenger mediated responses, c AMP increases in M2 and M4 receptors
False, decrease
What fibres innervate Eccrine Sweat glands and some blood vessels in in the skeletal muscles
Cholinergic Sympathetic Fibres
True or False, All preganglionic autonomic fibres are cholinergic
True
