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Neuroscience (1206) > Differences between Autonomic and Somatic Systems > Flashcards

Differences between Autonomic and Somatic Systems Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two systems of the peripheral N.S

A

Efferent System, Afferent System

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2
Q

What are the two types of Efferent System

A

Somatic NS, Autonomic NS

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3
Q

What are the muscles associated with Somatic NS

A

Skeletal muscles

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4
Q

What type of control is associated with the Somatic NS

A

Voluntary System

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5
Q

What tissues are associated with the ANS

A

Heart and smooth muscles, glands

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6
Q

What type of control is associated with the ANS

A

Involuntary System

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7
Q

What fibres are associated with the Somatic NS

A

A

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8
Q

What fibres are associated with the ANS

A

Preganglionic B, Postganglionic C

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9
Q

True or False ANS only excites tissue

A

False, it Excites and Inhibits

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10
Q

What is the name of the neurotransmitter blocker for nicotinic acetylcholinic receptors in the Somatic NS

A

d-Tubocurarine

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11
Q

What is the name of the receptors for ACH

A

Nicotinic receptors

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12
Q

What is the name of the neurotransmitter blocker for between the B and C receptors for the ANS

A

Hexamethonium

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13
Q

What is the name of the neurotransmitters in the ANS

A

Acetylcholine and Norepinephrine

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14
Q

What is the name of the receptor that Norepinephrine binds to

A

alpha, beta receptors

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15
Q

What is the name of the neurotransmitter that ACh binds itself to in the Somatic Nervous System

A

Muscarinic Receptors

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16
Q

When there are low concentrations of ACh, what is hormone is secreted

A

Nicotine

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17
Q

When there are high concentrations of ACh, what is hormone is secreted

A

Hexamethonium

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18
Q

What is the neurotransmitter blocker for muscarinic receptors

A

Atropine

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19
Q

What tissues do M1 receptors act on

A

Brain

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20
Q

What tissues do M2 receptors act on

A

Heart

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21
Q

What tissues do M3-M5 receptors act on

A

Smooth muscles

22
Q

What another name for Nor- epinephrine

A

Nor-Adrenaline

23
Q

What organ releases E, NE into the peripheral blood

A

Adrenal Medulla

24
Q

What amino acid is NA synthesised from

A

Phenylalanine, Tyrosine, DOPA, Dopamine

25
Q

What is the precursor for Tyrosine

A

Phenylalanine

26
Q

What is required for the storage of NA in vesicles

A

ATP and chromogranins

27
Q

What two drugs interfere with the storage of NA

A

Reserpine, Guanethidine

28
Q

What gland converts NA to Adrenaline

A

Adrenal Medulla

29
Q

What two neurotransmitters bind to alpha and beta receptors

After binding what is activated to produce secondary messengers

A

NE and E

G-Proteins

30
Q

What is used in the metabolism of NA

A 
Catechol-O-methyltransferase
Monoamine oxidase (MAO)
31
Q

What is the precursor for DOPA

A

Tyrosine

32
Q

What is the precursor for Dopamine

A

DOPA

33
Q

What is the precursor for Nor-adrenaline

A

Dopamine

34
Q

What does NE get broken down into, using the metabolite, Catechol-O-methyltransferase

A

Normetanephrine Homovanillic acid

VMA

35
Q

What does NE get broken down into, using the metabolite Monoamine Oxidase (MOA)

A

3,4 Dihydroxy-mandelic aldehyde

Vanillylmandelic acid

36
Q

What are normal plasma levels of NE

A

300 pg/ml

1.8 nmol/L

37
Q

What are normal plasma levels of E

A

30 pg/ml

0.16 nmol/L

38
Q

What are normal plasma levels of DA

A

35 pg/ml (0.23 nmol/L

39
Q

True or False, Norepinephrine excites mainly alpha receptors but excites the beta receptors to a lesser extent

A

True

40
Q

α1 and α2 receptors are located in which areas of the body

A

Smooth muscles, blood vessels

41
Q

β1 receptors are located in which areas of the body

A

Heart

Adipose tissue, Juxtaglomerular apparatus

42
Q

β2 receptors are located in which areas of the body

A

Lungs

Arterioles

43
Q

β3 receptors are located in which areas of the body

A

Adipose tissues

44
Q

True or false, in 2nd messenger mediated responses, α1 increases IP3 and DAG productions

A

True

45
Q

True or False, in 2nd messenger mediated responses, α2 decrease cell action membrane potential

A

True

46
Q

True or False, in 2nd messenger mediated responses, β1-β3 increases cell AMP

A

True

47
Q

True or False, in 2nd messenger mediated responses, IP3 increases in M1,M3 and M5receptors

A

True

48
Q

True or False, in 2nd messenger mediated responses, c AMP increases in M2 and M4 receptors

A

False, decrease

49
Q

What fibres innervate Eccrine Sweat glands and some blood vessels in in the skeletal muscles

A

Cholinergic Sympathetic Fibres

50
Q

True or False, All preganglionic autonomic fibres are cholinergic

A

True

Neuroscience (1206) (17 decks)

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