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Neuroscience (1206) > Motor End Plate: Structure, Function & Neurotransmission > Flashcards

Motor End Plate: Structure, Function & Neurotransmission Flashcards

1
Q

What is the width of a synapse

A

200A or 20nm wide

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2
Q

What is formed between a skeletal muscle and the motor neurone that innervates it

A

Synapse

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3
Q

What is the term given to the number of muscle fibres innervated by a single motor neurone

A

Motor unit

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4
Q

What is the term given to the specialised portion of the sarcolemma of the muscle fibre innervated by a single motor nerve ending

A

Motor endplate

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5
Q

The terminal ending fits into a depression of the muscle membrane which is thrown into folds called ______

A

Palisades

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6
Q

What are the two components that make up the neurotransmitter Acetylcholine

A

Acetyl CoA, Choline

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7
Q

What is the name of the enzyme that facilitates the genesis of ACh

A

Choline Acetyltransferase

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8
Q

True or False, In the arrival of the nerve action potential, Ca 2+ voltage gated channels are opened in the terminal ending

A

True or False

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9
Q

True or False, Cholinergic neurotransmission is Ca2+ independent

A

False, it is dependent

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10
Q

What protein does Ca2+ ions bind to in the terminal endings

A

Calmodulin

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11
Q

What neurotransmitter does Ca2+ ions bind to in the active zones, signalling its release

A

Synaptotagmin

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12
Q

What is activated when Ca2+ binds to calmodulin

A

Ca2+-calmodulin kinase

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13
Q

What does kinase phosphorylate in the nerve action potential causing synaptic vesicles to be loosened from their cyto-skeleton attachments

A

Synapsin 1

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14
Q

What substance migrates and dock at the active zones

A

Synaptic vesicles

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15
Q

What protein is involved in docking, binding & endocytosis of the synaptic vesicle

A

Synaptotagmin

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16
Q

What is required for the fusion of synaptic vesicle to the Presynaptic membrane

A

SNARE proteins

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17
Q

What SNARE protein is described as a v-snare, vesicular membrane protein

A

Synaptobrevin

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18
Q

What snare proteins are described as a t-snare

A

Syntaxin, SNAP-25

19
Q

What snare protein contains two plasma membrane proteins

A

SNAP-25

20
Q

What Snare protein has small GTPase

A

Rab3

21
Q

What snare protein is inactivated by Tetanus toxin & amp; Botulinum toxins B, D, F, G

A

Synaptobrevin

22
Q

What SNARE protein is inactivated by Botulinum toxins C and A & amp; B, respectively

A

Syntaxin, SNAP-25

23
Q

What toxin causes Spastic paralysis by blocking presynaptic neurotransmitter release in CNS

A

Tetanus

24
Q

What toxin causes Flaccid paralysis by blocking ACh release at the n-m junction (Botox – achalasia, wrinkles)

A

Botulinum

25
Q

What snare protein regulates a multi protein complex

A

Rab3

26
Q

What snare protein may not be essential for docking or fusion

A

Rab3

27
Q

What snare protein maintains normal reserves of SVs for accelerated exocytosis during repetitive stimulation

A

Rab3

28
Q

What enzyme breaks down ACh into Choline and Acetate

A

acetylcholinesterase

29
Q

How many vesicles do each nerve action potential release

A

60 vesicles

30
Q

Approximately how many molecules of ACh does each synaptic vesicle contain

A

10,000

31
Q

What is summated to form the muscle action potential

A

EPPs

32
Q

True or False, Minute depolarizing spike potentials

A

True (Due to the spontaneous release of small quanta of ACh)

33
Q

True or False, an increase Ca 2+ ions at the end plate cause an increase in the size of the potential

A

True

34
Q

True or False, an increase Mg 2+ ions at the end plate cause an increase in the size of the potential

A

False, it is a decrease in Mg2+

35
Q

Minature Endplate Potential produce muscle action potentials

A

False, it doesn’t

36
Q

In Ca 2+ removal, Ca 2+ is exchanged with which ion

A

Na 2+

37
Q

True or False. the removal of Ca 2+ is passive

A

False, it is active

38
Q

True or false, the use of buffers is used in Ca2+ removal

A

True

39
Q

What kind of disease id Myasthenia Gravis

A

Autoimmune Disease

40
Q

The antibodies in Myasthenia Gravis destroys what type of receptors on the skeletal muscles

A

Nicotinic Receptors

41
Q

What are the symptoms of Myasthenia Gravis

A

Weakness, Paralysis

42
Q

What syndrome resembles Myasthenia Gravis, and decreases ACh release

A

Lambert- Eaton Syndrome

43
Q

Antibodies in Lambert- Eaton Syndrome, work against which ion channel in the nerve endings at N-M junctions

A

Ca 2+

Neuroscience (1206) (17 decks)

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