Functional Organization of the Nervous System Flashcards
The Nervous System is known as the _____ of the living organism
Integration Centre
Principal functional units of the nervous system
Neurons
True or False, Non-neuronal cells are more in numbers than Neurons
True
What are the different type of Non-neuronal Cells
Astroglia, Microglia, Ependymal Cells, Oligodendrogliocytes
What non-neuronal cell form the the Blood Brain Barrier
Astroglia
What non-neuronal cell produces neurotrophins
Astroglia
Neutrophins are responsible for what ?
Survival and Growth
What non-neuronal cell form Myelin sheaths in the CNS
Oligodendrogliocytes
Where do Oligiodendrogliocytes occupy 75% of
White Matter
Microglia are what type of cells?
Phagocytic
Where are Microglia scattered
Grey Matter
Where are ependymal cells found
fluid-filled ventricles of the brain
What non-neuronal cells functions to direct cell migration during brain development
Ependymal Cells
What part of the neuron is a receptor zone, that contains spines. especially in the cerebral and cerebellar cortex
Dendrites
What part of the neuron maintains the functional and anatomical integrity of the axon
Cell Body or Soma
What does the cell body/stoma contain?/
Nissl Granules, Nucleus, neurofibrils
What part of the neuron is the most excitable region
Axon Hillock
What cells myelinate the axon the Peripheral Nervous system
Schwann cells
Long, fibrous, myelinated region of the neuron
Axon
End region of the neuron that is involved in neurotransmission
Telodendria or terminal buttons
True or false, ribosomes synthesize proteins in axons
False, it’s the Soma
The term given to the movement of proteins from the soma to the terminal endings
Anterograde transport
The term given to the movement of proteins from the terminal endings to the some
Retrograde transport
What is the name of the molecular motors that move ‘cargo’ along microtubles
Kinesin & Dyenin
Most numerous non-neuronal cell
Astroglia
What occurs with complete severance of the peripheral nerves ( (Wallerian & Regeneration))
Chromatolysis, Swelling of the Cell Body,
retention of nucleus (leads to regeneration)
Term given to the degeneration of Nissl Granules
Chromatolysis
How long does Chromatolyisis last
24hours
True or False, if the nucleus is pushed out of the stoma, regeneration of the peripheral nerve can still occur
False
What change in the axon occurs at the site of injury during severance (Wallerian & Regeneration)
Orthograde and Retrograde Degeneration
Term given to the increased responsiveness of the end organs or muscles following injury (denervation) of the peripheral nerve
Denervation Super or Hyper- Sensitivity
What are the processes that occur following nerve injury (Denervation Super or Hyper- Sensitivity)
Regenerative Sprouting, Lack of Re-uptake of neurotransmitters, Hyper-responsive to neurotransmitters, Up-regulation of receptors on effector tissue
What is the release phenomenom
Term given when higher centers in the CNS causes activity in the lower centres to increase
Many of the Signs of neurologic diseases is usually because of _________
Denervation Supersensitivity
Name of the drug that is able to pass the BBB to treat Parkinsons disease
L- Dopa
