Differences between Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nervous System

Question 1

Where does the ANS arise from

Answer 1

Neural crest cells

Question 2

What 3 tissues is the ANS modulated by

Answer 2

Hypothalamus, cerebral cortex, limbic system

Question 3

What are the three functional divisions of the autonomic nervous system

Answer 3

Sympathetic NS, Parasympathetic NS, Enteric NS

Question 4

What is the anatomical division of the Sympathetic NS

Answer 4

Thoraco-lumbar Division

Question 5

What is the anatomical division of the Paraympathetic NS

Answer 5

Cranial-Sacral Division

Question 6

What is the anatomical division of the Enteric NS

Answer 6

Meissner’s and
Auerbach’s
plexuses

Question 7

What is the pharmological division is the parasympathetic NS in the ANS

Answer 7

Cholinergic System

Question 8

What is the pharmological division is the sympathetic NS in the ANS

Answer 8

Adrenergic/
Nor-adrenergic
system

Question 9

What are the 4 cranial extensions

Answer 9

NIII
NVII
NIX
NX

Question 10

What are the 3 sacral extensions

Answer 10

S2, S3, S4

Question 11

What nerve occupies the NIII

Answer 11

Ciliary Ganglion (eye)

Question 12

What nerves occupy the NVII

Answer 12

Sphenopalatine (Nasal Cavity)

Submandibular (salivary excretory ducts)

Question 13

What nerves occupies the NIX

Answer 13

Otic

Question 14

What nerves occupies the NX, S2, S3, S4

Answer 14

Pelvic Nerve

Question 15

What are the two ganglia of the Paravertebral Ganglionic Chain

Answer 15

Cervical, Prevertebral ganglia

Question 16

What are the nerve roots that occupy the Thoraco-Lumbar Division

Answer 16

T1-L3

Question 17

Where does the Sympathetic Fibres synapse

Answer 17

Paravertebral Ganglionic Chain

Question 18

True or False, the Sympathetic Fibres pass only down the paravertebral ganglionic chain

Answer 18

False, they pass up and down the chain

Question 19

Where do the sympathetic fibres re-enter through after synapsing

Answer 19

grey rami communicates

Question 20

What does the Prevertebral or Collateral Ganglia include

Answer 20

Coeliac Ganglion, Superior Mesenteric Ganglion, Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion

Question 21

Postganglionic sympathetic fibres which re-enter the spinal nerves via the grey rami communicantes are distributed to:

Answer 21

Blood vessels supplying skeletal muscles
Eccrine sweat glands
Piloerector muscles

Question 22

T1 passes up the inferior, middle & superior cervical ganglion to supply :

Answer 22

Head, distributed with blood vessels

Question 23

What does T2 supply

Answer 23

neck and thorax

Question 24

What does T2-T4

Answer 24

thorax

Question 25

Greater splanchnic nerve arises from

Answer 25

T5 – T9

Question 26

Small splanchnic nerve arises from

Answer 26

T10-T12

Question 27

Least splanchnic nerve arises from

Answer 27

L1-L3

Question 28

What areas of the body does the Least splanchnic nerve supply

Answer 28

Lower abdomen and genitals

Question 29

What enzyme converts NE to E

Answer 29

phenylethanolamine-N-methyl transferase (PNMT

Question 30

Adrenal Medulla release what percentage of E

Answer 30

80-90%

Question 31

Adrenal Medulla release what percentage of NE

Answer 31

10-20%

Question 32

Adrenal Medulla release small amounts of what neurotransmitter

Answer 32

Dopamine

Question 33

Where are the sympathetic fibres distributed

Answer 33

Synapse at the corresponding level of the paravertebral ganglionic chain
Pass up or down the chain
Pass through the chain to synapse in prevertebral ganglia
Re-enter (grey rami communicantes) the spinal nerve after synapsing

Question 34

What nerve supplies the Coeliac Ganglia

Answer 34

Greater Splanchnic nerve

Question 35

What nerve supplies the Superior Mesenteric Ganglia

Answer 35

Small Splanchnic Nerve

Question 36

What nerve supplies the Inferior Mesenteric Ganglia

Answer 36

Least Splanchnic Nerve