Physiological Basis Of Muscle Disorders Flashcards
What are the two types of muscle disorders
Genetic
Non-Genetic
What are the different types of Genetic Muscle Disorders
Muscular dystrophy Storage myopathy Congenital Myopathy Familiar Periodic Paralysis Mitochondrial Diseases
What are the different types of Non Genetic muscle disorders
Myasthenia Gravis Lambert- Eaton Syndrome Inflammatory Muscle Disease Drug Disorder Hormonal Disorder
What are the known causes of muscle disorders
Injury or overuse Genetics Some cancers Inflammation Nerve diseases that affect muscles
Give examples of muscle disorders due to injury or overuse
Sprains- stretched or torn ligaments
Strains- stretched or torn muscles or tendons
Cramps and tendinitis
Give an example of muscle orders due to genetics
Muscle dystrophy
Give examples of muscle disorders due to some cancers
Give the type of muscles each cancer effects
Leimyoma (fibroids) and leimyocarcinoma (smooth muscles)
Rhabdomyoma (skeletal muscles)
Give an example of a muscle disorder that is affected by inflammation
Myositis
Give examples of nerve diseases that affect muscles
Huntington’s Disease (nerve degeneration )
Parkinson’s disease (CNS degeneration)
What is Spasticity
A condition where certain muscles are continuously contracted
What is the usual cause of spasticity
Damage to the part of the brain or spinal cord that controls voluntary movements
Spasticity can interfere with Normal movement, speech and______
Gait
What two diseases do 80% of patients experience spasticity
Cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis
True or false, paralysis is only local
False, paralysis can be local or widespread
What is the cause of paralysis
Fault my communication between brain and muscles
Term used to describe Paralysis of the lower half the body, including both legs
Paraplegia
Term used to describe paralysis of the arms and legs
Quadriplegia
What is the main cause of paralysis
Strokes
Injury to spinal cord or broken neck
What are other causes of paralysis
Bell’s palsy (affects muscles in face)
Polio
What is the most common cause of muscular dystrophy
Gene mutation in the muscle protein dystrophin