Disorders of the ANS

Question 1

What nerve is referred to as the Edinger Westphal

Answer 1

III

Question 2

What nerve is referred to as the Superior salivary

Answer 2

VII

Question 3

What nerve is referred to as the Inferior salivary

Answer 3

IX

Question 4

What nerve roots attach to salivary glands

Answer 4

VII, IX

Question 5

What nerve roots contain Ciliary muscles and Pupilary Sphincters

Answer 5

III

Question 6

What tissues occupy the T1 root value

Answer 6

Salivary Glands
Sweat Glands
Radial Muscles
Superior Palpebrae

Question 7

What are the ANS effects in the head during sympathetic activation

Answer 7

Mydriasis
Elevation of the eyelids
Exophthalmosis
Vasoconstriction
Increased sweating

Question 8

What are the ANS effects in the head during parasympathetic activation

Answer 8

Miosis

Bulging of lens of the eye for near vision

Question 9

Damage to the superior cervical ganglion or sympathetic outflow from T1 will result in:

Answer 9

Miosis on the affected side
Ptosis (drooping)
Enophthalmosis (sinking of the eyeballs)
Anhydrosis (failure of sweat glands)
Vasodilatation  
HORNER'S SYNDROME

Question 10

What is being stretched during blood pressure control

Answer 10

Aortic Arch & Carotid sinus

Question 11

What nucleus is involved in the decrease in heart rate by inhibition the sympathetic system

Answer 11

Rostral Ventrolateral Nucleus

Question 12

What nucleus is involved in the decrease in heart rate by promoting the parasympathetic system

Answer 12

Nucleus ambiguus

Question 13

What is the term for sudden dizziness upon standing due to a rapid fall in B.P

Answer 13

Postural (Orthostatic) Hypotension

Question 14

What kind of drugs are used to counteract the effect of Postural (Orthostatic) Hypotension

Answer 14

Sympatholytic Drugs (α adrenergic blockers)

Question 15

True or False, Postural (Orthostatic) Hypotension causes widespread disruption of ANS functioning

Answer 15

True e.g. HR changes that should accompany BP changes are absent

Question 16

What procedure is used in the treatment of Postural (Orthostatic) Hypotension

Answer 16

Surgical sympathectomy

Question 17

What disease is Postural (Orthostatic) Hypotension associated with

Answer 17

Diabetic autonomic neuropathy, Familial dysautonomia, Guillain-Barré, syphilis etc.

Question 18

What symptoms are associated with Familial Dysautonomia (RILEY-DAY SYNDROME)

Answer 18

Absence of tears, 
Postural hypotension, 
Labile blood pressure, 
Excessive salivation and sweating  
Fluctuations in body temperature
Dysphagia and vomiting crises

Question 19

What age group is Familial Dysautonomia (RILEY-DAY SYNDROME) associated with

Answer 19

Infants/ children

Question 20

What disease causes an Interruption of the afferent nerves to the bladder

Answer 20

Tabes Dorsalis (syphilitic myelopathy)

Question 21

What causes an Interruption of both afferent and efferent nerves

Answer 21

Tumors

Question 22

What plexus is absent in Hirschsprung’s disease / Megacolon

Answer 22

Myenteric Plexus in the distal colon

Question 23

True or False, children with Hirschsprung’s disease / Megacolon defecate frequently

Answer 23

False, It’s infrequently