Surgical Skin Diseases in Equine Flashcards
this tumor is sometimes seen in paranasal sinuses of equines
SCC
areas common for melanoma in equines
- perineum/base of tail
- prepubital sheath
- lips
- parotid region
treatment for lipomas in horses
complete surgical excision
common locations for SCC in equines
MUCOCUTANEOUS junctions
- eyelids/cornea
- genital
- face/PARANASAL sinus
- perianal
- limbs
- gastric (rare; euthanize)
appearance of lipomas
non painful soft fluctuant or firm INFILTRATIVE mass on flank of YOUNG horse
locally invasive into body wall
if SQ involved with be encapsulated
diagnosis of SCC in equines
HISTO/excisional biopsy = G.S,
NEVER use this to treat sarcoids
xxterra (high risk of transformation!!)
is equine cutaneous mastocytosis neoplastic?
NO
it’s an inflammatory reaction to dysplastic mast cells and eosinophils
do NOT cause pruritus or histamine release
when on limbs may be calcified/ show up on rads
common location for sarcoids
- heads/neck (periorbital NOT eyelids)
- limbs
- ventrum/groin
appearance of fibroblastic sarcoids
ulcerative with bad local infiltration
may be pedunculated
calcinosis circumspecta is common in ______ and found on _______
YOUNG horses
lateral stifle
brachytehrapy
radiotherapy using iridium-192 grains implanted into tumor every 3 weeks
may lead to fibrosis
success rate against sarcoids 90%
EDx of sarcoids
BPV (flies) + trauma -> fibroBLASTIC neoplasia with epithelial proliferation
Edx papillomatosis
EPV (direct/vectors) -> abnormal proliferation and hyperkeratosis in YOUNG horses that are slightly immunosuppressed
most common skin tumor in equine
sarcoids
common locations for papillomatosis in equine
- face
- distal limbs
- genital
teletherapy
radiotherapy using gamma linear accelerator
what to remember about treating sarcoids
multimodal best
cryotherapy can NOT be used for periorbital
5-FU is NOT very effective for…
melanoma
These skin masses are seen in YOUNG horses (3)
- papillomatosis
- lipomas
- calcinosis circumspecta
treatment for melanoma in horses
- surgical removal = G.S.
- best if multimodal
- chemo (cisplatin, carboplatin)
- hyperthermia
- radiation
- cimetidine and oncept canine vaccine need more research
EDx SCC in equines
equine PV-2 + trauma or chronic inflammation
appearance of melanoma in horses
-firm nodules that coalesce with time
may be ulcerative with BLACK SMELLY EXUDATE
slow growing but potential for malignant behavior and can be locally invasive
common location for lipomas in equines
flank/body wall
diagnosis of equine cutaneous mastocytosis
FNA/biopsy
if on limbs, may see on rads since lesions on limbs often calcify
signalment for SCC in equines
paint, QH, appaloosa, draft
usually older
if <8 yo = more malignant
appearance of occult sarcoid
flat with hyperkeratosis and alopecia
cryotherapy should NOT be used to treat this skin tumor in equines
PERIORBITAL sarcoids
appearance of verrucose sarcoids
wart-like raised, leathery, scaley
diagnosis of melanoma in horses
grey horse
FNA
EPV-2 + trauma/irritation ->
SCC
appearance of SCC in equines
ulcerative and cauliflower like
bad odor and secondary infection common
usually slow growing and slow to met (mainly to LNs) but LOCALLY INVASIVE
histo/excisional biopsy are gold standard diagnosis for…
- sarcoids
- SCC
- habronemiasis
second most common skin tumor in equines
scc
treatment for SCC
similar to sarcoids EXCEPT cryotherapy is good for eyelids
beta radiation with strontium 90 is good for corneal SCC following keratectomy
5-FU is good for genital
a mass on a horse that’s ulcerative with black smelly exudate should make you think…
MELANOMA
diagnosis of habronemiasis
HISTO is gold standard
look for yellow granules
common on eyes, genitals, wounds
signalment for sarcoids
any age
QH, arabian, appaloosa
appearance of nodular sarcoids
firm well defined SUBCUTANEOUS spherical (with or without dermal involvement)
