Abomasal Ulcers and Obstructions, TRP/Ruminotomy, Choke

Question 1

surgery to remove FBs/Bezoars from abomasum

Answer 1

diagnosis if RIGHT flank laparotomy surgery for removal: RIGHT PARACOSTAL incision (MUST be in lateral- NOT standing, because intestines would fall out)

Question 2

how to close rumen

Answer 2

double layer inverting

Question 3

causes of intraluminal abomasal obstructions (4)

Answer 3

-FB (rare) -phytobezoars (calves) -trichobezoars (calves) -abomasal impactions (adults)

Question 4

Answer 4

Question 5

causes of extraluminal obstructions of abomasum

Answer 5

-incarceration (hernia) -fat necrosis -pyloric LSA

Question 6

why should you NOT use a cannula and trocar to relieve ruminal tympany?

Answer 6

can lead to peritonitis; use needle or rumen fistula instead

Question 7

pros and cons to suturing rumen to skin during ruminotomy

Answer 7

pros: least risk of contamination cons: longer to do; more incisional complications

Question 8

withers test

Answer 8

if you pinch or press on withers and the cow goes into lordosis = no pain; if back remains straight= abdominal pain

Question 9

TRP can cause which types of bloat?

Answer 9

either vagal type 1 (free gas- reverse D) or vagal type 2 (papple)

Question 10

which ruminotomy technique has least risk of contamination?

Answer 10

suturing rumen to skin

Question 11

what do you do to relieve free gas bloat secondary to choke?

Answer 11

use needle or rumen fistula NOT cannula/trocar (can lead to peritonitis)

Question 12

surgical options for abomasal ulcers in calves

Answer 12

-burying of ulcer -excision Done in LEFT lateral

Question 13

Choke causes what kind of bloat?

Answer 13

Free gas bloat (reverse D) due to type 1 vagal indigestion

Question 14

choke causes what kind of metabolic disturbance?

Answer 14

metabolic acidosis

Question 15

Answer 15

Question 16

pros and cons of rumen board and weingarth appartus

Answer 16

pros: quick, less skin inflammation, fewer incision complications cons: increased risk of contamination

Question 17

treatment for abomasal ompactions in adult cattle is to do a right laparotomy with MANUAL MASSAGE. what are the cons of this?

Answer 17

can NOT do an abomasotomy can NOT exteriorize abomasum

Question 18

pH of ruminal saliva

Answer 18

8.2

Question 19

indications for ruminotomy (5)

Answer 19

-TRP -choke (if you push it distally into rumen) -intoxication (monensin) -bloat -obstruction of reticulo-omasal orifice

Question 20

compass test

Answer 20

placing compass over left paralumbar fossa to see if magnet already in reticulum

Question 21

temporary rumen fistula: site

Answer 21

center of paralumbar fossa on LEFT side

Question 23

types of ulcers

Answer 23

Type 1: nonperforating without major hemorrhage Type 2: nonperforating WITH major hemorrhage Type 3: perforating with LOCAL peritonitis Type 4: perforating with DIFFUSE peritonitis

Question 24

prognosis for intraluminal abomasal obstructions

Answer 24

Best: if ONLY at pylorus (90%) Worse: if pylorus AND abomasal body (50%)

Question 25

Answer 25

Question 26

diagnosis of intraluminal obstructions in abomasum

Answer 26

RIGHT flank laparotomy

Question 27

surgical options for abomasal impactions

Answer 27

RIGHT flank approach for MANUAL MASSAGE cons: can NOT do abomasotomy and can NOT exteriorize abomasum sometimes a right paracostal approach + abomasotomy is done. but difficult and rare

Question 28

surgery for umbilical hernia

Answer 28

herniorrhaphy +/- partial abomasectomy

Question 29

prognosis for TRP

Answer 29

guarded if it involves RIGHT side of reticulum Poor if penetrating ok otherwise

Question 30

options for doing a ruminotomy

Answer 30

-rumen board -weingarth apparatus -sutures direct to skin -stay sutures or clamp fixation (do NOT use)

Question 31

which position is ulcer surgery done in for calves

Answer 31

LEFT lateral