OCD in Equines

Question 1

common sites for OCD in fetlock (2)

Answer 1

• dorsal mid sagittal ridge

- condyles of cannon bone

Question 2

most common site for OCD in equines

Answer 2

DIRT (distal intermediate ridge of tibia

Question 3

treatment of choice for OCD

Answer 3

surgery:
-arthroscopy: remove loose cartilage and debride
+/- pins, regenerative medicine techniques (PRP, impregnated sponges, etc)

Question 4

factors involved in OCD development in equines (7)

Answer 4

• genetic (highest in tibiotarsal joint)
• rapid growth
• failure of vascularization of cartilage
• biomechanical forces (keep on pasture 100% of time during first year of life), rough slippery terrain, conformation
• exercise
• nutrition/hormones: NO concentrate for foals or pregnant mares (hyperinsulinemia inhibits endochondral ossification); Increased P bad (not increased Ca)
• trauma

Question 5

OCD is most hereditary in which joint?

Answer 5

tibiotarsal

Question 6

pathogenesis of OCD

Answer 6

focal failure of endochondral ossification -> cartilaginous/osteochondral separation OR subchondral cyst -> osteochondritis (inflammation)

Question 7

diagnostics for OCD

Answer 7

• rads (GS)
• US: outperforms rads but can ONLY be used where joint surface can be imaged
• MRI

Question 8

GS diagnostic for OCD

Answer 8

rads

Question 9

signs of OCD in horses

Answer 9

-subchondral lucencies
-fragments/flaps
+/- effusion and lameness

Question 10

common sites for OCD in stifle joint (3)

Answer 10

• lateral trochlear ridges
• trochlear groove
• articular surface of patella

Question 11

tibiotarsal sites commonly get OCD (3)

Answer 11

• DIRT (distal intermediate ridge of tibia)
• lateral trochlear ridge
• medial malleolus

Question 12

conservative management for OCD in equines

Answer 12

best for very young animals with lesions <2cm long and 5 mm deep without fragmentation

also used for fetlock type I lesions

involves rest, controlled exercise, IA meds (steroids, chondroprotectants)

Question 13

age of onset for tibiotarsal OCD

Answer 13

<1m-5m: many who are initially abnormal mature to be normal after 5 months

Question 14

peak age for femorpatellar OCD

Answer 14

peaks at 6 months

Question 15

age of no return for OCD in equines

Answer 15

1 year overall

• tibiotarsal joint: 5 m
• femoropatellar joint: 8 m

Question 16

for OCD: recovery potential is better in ____ than _____

Answer 16

tibia than talus

Question 17

best view to see OCD in stifle

Answer 17

30 degree caudolateral-craniomedial

Question 18

what view is best to see OCD of DIRT

Answer 18

DMPLO