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LAS > Castration > Flashcards

Castration Flashcards

1
Q

this emasculator doesn’t stay closed, so often leads to less even tension

A

white

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2
Q

steps for open castration (4)

A
  1. incise scrotum and parietal tunic
  2. dissect ligament of tail of epididymus
  3. exteriorize testicle + spermatic cord
  4. emasculate spermatic cord (***leaves parietal tunic OPEN)
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3
Q

steps for closed castration in horses (6)

A

1) incise ONLY scrotum: parallel; cranial to caudal; 1 cm from median raphe
2) strip away scrotal fascia + ligament (all CT tissue): towards body wall; meanwhile hold teste with towel clamp
3) emasculate: parietal tunic contents + cremaster together; check that nut is tight + blades opposed; apply emasculator “nut to nut”; no tension/tugging when crushing
4) stretch incision cranial-caudal
5) trim excess fascia
6) second intention healing

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4
Q

standing castration isn’t good for…(4)

A
  • ponies
  • donkies
  • minis
  • hernia
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5
Q

pros of using local block for castration (4)

A
  • decreased BP
  • decreased cremaster tension -> decreased chance of bleeding
  • anesthesia sparing
  • less movement
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6
Q

this emasculator has a separate handle to engage cut

A

reimer

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7
Q

methods for castrating in ruminants

A

-bloodless: banding vs. burdizzo

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8
Q

what decreases the survival rate after intestinal eventration post castrastion

A

inguinal approach only during treatment

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9
Q

true or false: ALL horses post castration have some degree of non-septic peritonitis -> gut tap post castration often shows >100,000 cell count for up to one week

A

true

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10
Q

signs of nerve damage secondary to castration

A

paraphimosis

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11
Q

incomplete castration most commonly occurs when…

A

when only epididymis is removed

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12
Q

this emasculator spins the cord

A

henderson castration tool

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13
Q

age to castrate horses

A

1-2 years

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14
Q

a horse post castration shows a gut tap with >100,000 cell count. should you be concerned?

A

ALL horses post castration have some degree of non-septic peritonitis -> gut tap post castration often shows >100,000 cell count for up to one week

only be concerned if decreased glucose in tap or degenerate neutrophils with intracellular bacteria

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15
Q

treatment for hydrocele secondary to castrastion

A

remove parietal tunic

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16
Q

open castraion involves incising _______

A

scrotum AND parietal tunic

17
Q

scirrhous cord indicates…

A

chronic septic funiculitis

18
Q

most common cause of septic funiculitis

A

staph

19
Q

How soon will you see changes in TP and PCV if a horse is hemorrhaging post castrastion?

A

TP decreases after 6 hours

PCV decreases after 12-24 hours

20
Q

aftercare following castration (3)

A
  • NSAIDs
  • hydrotherapy only if needed
  • forced exercise to limit swelling
21
Q

what increases the risk of septic funiculitus?

A

increased amyloid A (indicates pre-existing infection) prior to castrastion

22
Q

if a horse has uncontrolled hemorrhage during a castrastion, what should you do?

A

pack, close, refer

consider antifibrinolytics (aminocaproic acid or formaldehyde)

23
Q

which types of castration involve incising both the scrotum and parietal tunic?

A

open and semi closed

24
Q

these emasculators crush and cut at the same time

A
  • white

- serra

25
Q

nerve damage during castration usually occurs due to…

A

when base of penis is mistaken for testes

26
Q

advantages of recumbent castration

A

better visualization; safer

27
Q

anesthesia used for castration

A
  • xylazine + butorphanol
  • ketamine or benzo
  • local: lidocaine + mepivacaine
28
Q

signs of septic funiculitis

A

draining tract, AFEBRILE, NO pain

29
Q

true or false: you should always place an IV catheter when castrating

A

true

30
Q

NSAIDs pre-op for castration

A
  • horses: flunixin meglumine or phenylbutazone

- FA: meloxicam

31
Q

what to remember about FAs and local blocks?

A

they’re more sensitive; dilute 0.5-1%

32
Q

age to castrate FAs

A

<4 months (younger the better; improves meat quality)

33
Q

steps for semi closed castration

A
  1. incise scrotum AND parietal tunic

2. emasculate spermatic cord AND parietal tunic (-> no cord tissue left behind)

34
Q

methods for castration in horses (3)

A
  • open
  • closed
  • semi closed
35
Q

treatment for intestinal eventration post castrastion

A

refer

36
Q

what must you remember about incomplete castrastion?

A

ALWAYS submit for histo if you think you’re removing a hypoplastic teste to ensure you actually removed it

LAS (51 decks)

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