Surgical incisions Flashcards

1
Q

where is a paramedian incision found?

A

2.5 - 4 cm lateral to the midline

avoids the linea alba
the fibres of rectus abdominis are split and reflected laterally to avoid denervation

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2
Q

where is a midline incision found

A

around the left edge of the umbilicus

rapid access through the almost avascular linea alba but very poor healing

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3
Q

where is a transverse incision found

A

above the umbilicus passing through the rectus muscles

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4
Q

what incision would you use for access to the ascending/ descending colon, duodenum and pancreas?

A

transverse

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5
Q

what is Kocher’s incision

A

a right subcostal incision

may be used in a complex cholecystectomy

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6
Q

what is the difference between a Gridirion and Lanz appendectomy

A

Gridirion- oblique (aka muscle splitting loin)
Lanz- transverse
Lanz is more common due to better cosmetic result

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7
Q

in what procedure would a Pfannenstiel incision be used

A

Caesarean section and hysterectomy
it is a transverse convex incision made 5cm above the pubic symphysis. May damage the bladder

no posterior rectus sheath

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8
Q

where might you find laprascopic incisions

A

anywhere but there is almost always a peri umbilical one and others pointing towards the target

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9
Q

where might a nephrectomy scar be found

A

at the side, oblique and above the iliac crest

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10
Q

where is a thoraco abdominal incision

A

passes obliquely from the thorax to abdomen

access to lower oesophagus and stomach

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11
Q

what is the advantage of a muscle splitting loin incision for appendectomy

A

the muscle fibres travel in the same direction which gives strong healing

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12
Q

describe the principle of skin flaps

A

remove a piece of abdominal wall skin while maintaining its blood supply
graft skin and close wound

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