Obesity Flashcards
what is obesity
excess adiposity
can be measured with BMI (30) or body fat percentage
what are the complications of obesity
stroke sleep apnoea heart disease abnormal lipid profile hypertension lung disease asthma liver disease diabetes pancreatitis dysmenorrhea gallstones cancer arthritis veins gout psychological
how is obesity defined in children
arbitrary ref values, variation worldwide
difficult to compare
can be expressed as a centile or SD score
BMI is compared to other children of their age and gender
what are the consuquences of childhood obesity
Pulmonary Sleep apnoea; Asthma; Pickwickian
syndrome
Orthopaedic Slipped capital epiphyses; Ankle sprains;
Increased risk of fractures
Neurological Idiopathic intracranial hypertension
Gastroenterological Cholelithiasis; Liver steatosis/non-alcoholic
fatty liver; Gastro-oesophageal reflux
Endocrine Insulin resistance/impaired glucose
tolerance; Type 2 diabetes
Polycystic ovary syndrome
Hypercortisolemia
Cardiovascular Hypertension; Dyslipidaemia
Fatty streaks; Left ventricular hypertrophy
Psychological Low self esteem; depression, body
dissatisfaction; eating disorders
what factors can influence weight
genotype environment social influences diet exercise behaviour
describe genetic link to obesity
can be monogenic (rare)
or polygenic - complex interaction between genes and environment
describe the WHO global strategy on diet and physical activity
- Reduce risk factors for chronic diseases that stem from unhealthy
diets and PA through public health actions - Increase awareness and understanding of the influences of diet and
PA on health an the positive impact of preventive interventions - Develop, strengthen and implement global, regional, national
policies and action plans to improve diets and increase PA that are
sustainable, comprehensive and actively engage all sectors - Monitor science and promote research on diet and physical activity
what are the stages of alcholic liver disease
alcoholic fatty liver
alcoholic hepatitis
alcoholic cirrhosis
what percentage of people work in alcohol related industry
6%
what percentage of revenue does alcohol tax account for
7%
if no action is taken what percentage of people will be obese by 2050
60% men
40 women
what is the global estimated economic impact of obesity
2 trillion dollars
what is a normal BMI
18.5 -25
what BMI is considered overweight
25-30
what BMI is considered obese 1
30-35
