nerves Flashcards
what passes through the IV foramen
a mixed spinal nerve
where does L1 nerve emerge
the foramen below L1 vertebra
what is a myotome
a muscle, part of muscle or group of muscles supplied by one spinal nerve
what type of nerves supply the skin and muscles of the abdo wall
ventral rami of the spinal nerves T7-L1
they are supplied in segments
what two muscle layers do the abdo nerves travel through
int obl and trans abdo
where is epigastric pain referred to
T7 dermatome
pain from stomach and oesophagus
where is umbilical pain referred to
T10 dermatome
appendix, gonad, small intestine
where is suprapubic pain referred to
T12 dermatome
lower colon, bladder and uterus
where does herpes zoster live
DRG
what nerves supply the skin of the abdo wall
intercostals, subcostal, iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal
which way will you push the rectus muscle during surgery
laterally to avoid denervation as the nerves run lateral to medial
how does rectus and pyramidalis receive its nerve supply
the nerves pierce the posterior wall of the rectus sheath
they terminate by piercing the anterior wall of the sheath and supplying the overlying skin
describe the course of the iliohypogastric nerve
pierces the external oblique aponeurosis above the superficial inguinal ring
supplies the fibres of internal oblique and transversus abdominis that form the conjoint tendon
supplies skin just above the inguinal ligament
L1
describe the course of the ilioinguinal nerve
emerges through the superficial ring
supplies skin just above the inguinal ligament
L1
where is the lumbar plexus visible
posterior abdo and pelvic walls
where is McBurney’s point
1/3rd of the way up the line from the ASIS to the umbilicus
extending the incision laterally may affect the iliohypogastric nerve (conjoint tendon and hernia)
describe the arterial supply of the abdo wall
intercostal and lumbar arteries, superior, inferior and superficial epigastrics, superficial and deep circumflex iliacs
what are afferent neurones
sensory
what are efferent neurones
motor etc
what is the afferent pathway of swallowing
sensory information from touch receptors in the pharynx
where is the swallowing centre
medulla and lower pons
what is the efferent motor pathway in swallowing
cranial innervation of pharynx and upper oesophagus
vagal motor for lower oesophagus
how is the lower oesophageal sphincter opened
peptidergic nerves in the vagus releasing VIP
VIP causes smooth muscle relaxation
what does the iliohypogastric nerve supply
conjoint tendon and skin above inguinal ligament
