inflammatory bowel disease Flashcards
what are the 5 types of IBD
- Ulcerative Colitis
- Crohn’s Disease
- Indeterminate colitis
- Pseudomembranous Colitis
- Diverticulitis
when does ulcerative colitis and crohns most commonly occur
30 yo
what are the features of ulcerative colitis
often relapsing remitting
inflammatory change in colon
contiguous, circumferential and superficial inflammation
entire colon = pan colitis
what are the signs of ulcerative colitis
stomach pain blood in stools weight loss fatigue malaise anaemia raised inflammatory markers dehydration
where does ulcerative colitis usually spread to
superficial submucosa
what is the pathophysiology of ulcerative colitis
• Chronic inflammatory change damages cells
• This leads to dysplasia – loss of growth control
within cells
• Increased risk of colonic carcinoma
which disease are smokers more likely to get
Crohn’s disease
what are the characteristics of Crohn’s disease
inflammation anywhere in the GI tract
focal ulceration
what are the signs of crohns disease
anaemia, raised inflammatory markers
dehydration
diarrhoea
fistulas may occur
what are the extraintestinal manifestations of Crohns and UC
- Inflammatory arthropathies
- Erythema nodosum (Crohn’s)
- Pyoderma gangrenosum
- Primary sclerosing cholangitis (UC)
- Iritis/Uveitis (eye)
- Aphthous stomatitis
what is Aphthous stomatitis
recurrent benign mouth ulcers
what is primary sclerosing cholangitis
scarring and narrowing of the bile ducts
what is erythema nodosum
tender red swellings on the skin
what is pyoderma gangrenosum
painful ulcers on the skin
what kind of diarrhoea is found in UC and Crohns
bloody and mucoid in UC
watery in crohns
when is Crohns pain usually worst
after eating
what type of ulcers are found
UC- broad
Crohns- linear
how is the mesentery affected in crohns
thickened and fibrotic
describe the effect on crypts in IBD
shortened and atrophic
how are villi affected in crohns
atrophy
when are granulomas found
crohn’s
what inflammatory cells are found in UC
plasma and neutrophils
what cells are found in crohns
neutrophils and lymphocytes
what is pseudomembranous colitis
inflammation of the colon resulting from C.diff infection
causes diarrhoea
What disease may present with abdo pain, weight loss and diarrhoea with shortened atrophic crypts containing abcesses and neutrophils
ulcerative colitis
what disease shows crypt atrophy and neutrophils but not crypt abcesses
crohns
what disease does not cause villous atrophy but does include a build up of inflammatory material within the crypts
pseudomembranous colitis
what is a putz-jegher polyp
large and pedunculated hamartomatous polyp
no villous atrophy
increased cancer risk
what stools will be present in UC
mucoid, bloody
what stools are present in crohns
watery
what disease may lead to colonic carcinoma
ulcerative colitis
what disease may lead to fistulas
crohns
what disease involves mesentery thickenings
crohns
what disease is transmural
crohns
what disease is mucosa only
UC
what disease involves pseudopolyps
UC
what disease causes terminal ileitis
crohns
what disease does not involve villi
UC
what disease involves granulomas
crohns
what disease involves plasma cells and neutrophils
uc
what disease involves lymphocytes and neutrophils
crohns
what disease would you find cobblestones
crohns
