surface anatomy Flashcards
apophyseal joint palpation L3/4
difficult to palpate / lie just lateral to lower third of the spinous process i.e. L3/4 apophyseal joint lies level with the lower third of L3’s spinous process, approx
How can we palpate erector spinae
patient lies in prone, arms by side
have patient raise upper part and legs down
How can we palpate external oblique
have patient in midprone position
how to palpate cervical spine
run hand down the back of head with two thumbs
feel a bony prominence in the distal end of occiput
then feel a gap = C1, has no spinous process
followed by another small bony prominence is C2
apophyseal joint and how to palpate it
difficult
joint of superior articular process and inferior articular process
once you feel the spinous process move laterally and inferiorly from it.
parts of the lung
apex - top
base - bottom
mediastinal surface - part of lung interacting with heart
hilum - root of lung
costal surface - anterior surface
part of anterior surface of left lung with a crevice for the heart
manubriosternal joint content and vertebral level
manubrium (top part of sternum) + and sternum body
level T4/5
xiphosternal joint and vertebral level
xiphoid process (bottom tip of sternum) and sternum T9
sternocostal/chondrosternal joint
medial costal cartilages of first 1-7th ribs and sternum
costochondral joint
transition between bone to cartilage attached to the sternum
at the anterior end of each rib
interchondral joint
tips of costal cartilages 8th, 9th 10th / lower border of cartilage
costovertebral joint
convex facet of the posterior aspect of ribs with concave facet of vertebrae
costotransverse joint
articular facet of transverse process of vertebrae and tubercle of ribs
palpate suprasternal/ jugular notch
upper border of manubrium at T2 level
thoracic inlet
T1, 1st rib and manubrium
palpate apex of heart
6th rib
5th intercostal space
midclavicular line
palpate costal margin
cartilage connecting to the sternum and to each other from rib 7-10
costal angle
costal cartilage 7-10th ribs, running inferolaterally from xiphisternal joint, together form costal arch, converge L1 = 12th ribs
thoracic outlet
T12, full length R12, tip R11, costal cartilages of R7,8,9,10 Xiphoid process
palpate right border of the heart
3rd costal cartilage to 6th costal cartilage
left border of sternum (your left NOT patient’s left)
palpate left border of the heart
2nd intercostal space to 5th intercostal space (apex of heart)
further right of the sternum
auscultation for aortic valve
2nd intercostal space
right of sternum - patient’s right
auscultation for pulmonary valve
2nd intercostal space
left of sternum - patient’s left
horizontal fissure
4th rib